1.1 Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Diastole
Term used to describe the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle. Heart ventricles are relaxed and fill with blood
Systole
Term used to describe the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle - the ventricles contract and blood pumped to the arteries
Stroke volume
The volume of blood that leaves the heart during each contraction
Health
State of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity
Fitness
The ability to meet and cope with the demands of the environment
Physical activity
Being active and taking part in exercise - can directly benefit your physical health and wellbeing
Heart rate
Number of times the heart beats per minute
Anticipatory rise
Slight increase in heart rate usually before activity starts due to the expectation of exercise
Cardiac output
The amount of blood the heart pumps out. Measured in litres per minute
What is the cardiovascular system made up of
The heart and the blood vessels
Why is an efficient cardiovascular system important during exercise
- deliever oxygen to working muscles
- gather waste products
- transporting heat (a by product of exercise) to the skin so the performer can cool down
Cardiac muscles - what are they? Where has more?
Cardiac muscles and the muscles in the walls of the heart. These muscles help to push blood through the heart. The ventricles have thicker muscular walls as it takes much more force to push the blood out of the heart then to push the blood from the atrial to the ventricles
What does the vena cava do ?
Brings deoxygenated blood to the right atrium
What does the pulmonary vein do?
Delivers oxygenated blood to the left atrium
What does the pulmonary artery do?
Transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs to be oxygenated