💎 2.2 Principles & Theories of Learning & Performance: Stages of Learning Flashcards
1
Q
3 stages of learning
A
- Cognitive stage
- Associative stage
- Autonomous stage
2
Q
What is learning
A
A permanent change in behaviour as a result of practice
3
Q
What is the cognitive stage
A
The first stage of learning used by a novice. Understanding and sub routines are explored by trial and error
4
Q
Characteristics of cognitive stage
A
- extrinsic feedback used
- movements often slow and uncoordinated
- motor programmes not yet developed
- trail and error used
5
Q
What is the associative stage of learning
A
The second stage of learning as motor programmes are developed and performance is smoother
6
Q
Characteristics of associative stage
A
- longer duration than cognitive stage
- has to be practised more than once
- trial and error still used and also feedback still used but can become more internal
- performer may model their skill compared to top class performers
- motor programmes forming
- become more smooth and coordinated
7
Q
What is the autonomous stage of learning
A
The final stage of learning used by an expert when movement is detailed and specific
8
Q
Characteristics of the autonomous stage
A
- reached after effective practice which must continue in order to remain at this stage
- fluent, efficient and automatically undertaken
- performer can concentrate on fine details of the task
- motor programme fully developed
