19.1: The Hardy-Weinberg Principle Flashcards
What is a Population?
A group of organisms of the same species that live together in a defined area and time
What do Genes do?
They control the inheritance of traits
What is an Allele?
Each form of a gene
What is a Gene Pool?
The sum of all the alleles for all the genes in a population
What allows for a population to survive better?
More variety in a gene pool
What is Genotype frequency?
A proportion of the population with a particular genotype
What is the formula for genotype frequency?
(# of certain genotype/total)x100
What is Phenotype frequency?
The proportion of the population with a particular phenotype
What is Allele Frequency?
The rate of occurrence of a particular allele in a population with respect to a particular gene
What is the number of possible alleles in a diploid organism?
Double the amount of organisms
How is the frequency of each allele found?
By dividing the incidence of the allele by the total number of alleles in the sample
What is the Hardy Weinberg Principle?
The conditions that allow gene frequencies to be the same from generation to generation
What are the five conditions of the Hardy Weinberg Principle?
1) The population is large enough that chance events will not alter allele frequencies
2) Mates are chosen on a random basis
3) There is no migration
4) There are no net mutations
5) There is no natural selection against any of the phenotypes
What is the Hardy Weinberg equation used for?
Predicting the genotype frequency in a population
What is the Hardy Weinberg equation?
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1.00
