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Biology 30 > 14.2 Effects of STDs > Flashcards

14.2 Effects of STDs Flashcards

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1
Q

What are an STIs?

A

An infection that is transmitted only or mainly by sexually transmitted infection

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2
Q

What may STI’s be caused by?

A

Viruses, Bacteria, or Parasites

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3
Q

What are the most common viral STI’s?

A

HIV/AIDs, hepatitis, genital herpes, HPV

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4
Q

What does AIDs stand for?

A

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

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5
Q

What is AIDs caused by?

A

A group of related viruses that are collectively called HIV

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6
Q

What does HIV do?

A

It attacks a particular form of white blood cells known as helper T cells

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7
Q

What happens as the level of helper T cells in the blood decrease?

A

An infected person becomes more vulnerable to infection that may lead to sickness and death

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8
Q

How can HIV be transmitted to children by their mothers?

A

Before their birth or through breast feeding

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9
Q

How is Hepatitis A contracted?

A

By drinking water that is contaminated by fecal matter

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10
Q

How is Hepatitis B contracted?

A

Through sexual contact with infected body fluids or blood

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11
Q

How is Hepatitis C contracted?

A

Through blood to blood contact with infected needle or syringes

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12
Q

What are the symptoms of Hepatitis B?

A

Flu-like symptoms including fever, headache, nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain. Jaundice

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13
Q

What can Hepatitis B infection develop into?

A

An infection of the liver causing liver failure, liver cancer, or even death

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14
Q

How does Hepatitis affect an unborn child?

A

Hepatitis can cross the placenta to infect an unborn child

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15
Q

How do people recover from Hepatitis?

A

Some may recover completely, and some become asymptomatic which means they can still infect people

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16
Q

Which Hepatitis are there vaccines for?

A

Hepatitis A and B

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17
Q

What is Genital herpes?

A

A very viral STI

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18
Q

What are the two herpes viruses?

A

Herpes Simplex 1 (HSV 1)

Herpes Simplex 2 (HSV 2)

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19
Q

How is HSV 2 acquired?

A

Through genital contact

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20
Q

How is HSV 1 cause infection to?

A

The mouth ex. Cold sores

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21
Q

How long does it take for symptoms to appear after someone is infected with herpes?

A

A month

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22
Q

What are the most common symptoms of Herpes?

A

Tingling or itching in a particular part of the body followed by blisters

23
Q

Where are the most common places for Herpes blisters to appear?

A

Genitals, buttocks, and thighs

24
Q

What can trigger a Herpes outbreak?

A

Fever, stress, sunlight, intercourse, and certain foods

25
Q

What happens if a herpes virus is passed on to a baby?

A

Blindness
Neurological disorders
and even death

26
Q

Is Herpes curable?

A

Herpes is incurable and person has it for life and may transmit it at anytime to others

27
Q

What virus is responsible for genital warts?

A

A group of viruses called the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

28
Q

How is HPV transmitted?

A

Through skin to skin contact

29
Q

What are the symptoms of HPV?

A

Flat or raised warts around the genital area, but many may have no symptoms at all

30
Q

What can HPV lead to?

A

Tumors of the coochie and cervical cancer in women

31
Q

What is Chlamydia?

A

A potentially dangerous infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia Trachomatis

32
Q

What is the most common bacterial STI in Canada?

A

Chlamydia

33
Q

What are the Symptoms of Chlamydia?

A

Discharge from the penis or vagina, burning pain while urinating, or a fever

34
Q

What is one of the greatest dangers of Chlamydia?

A

Up to 75% of people have no obvious symptoms

35
Q

What can Chlamydia lead to in women?

A

Pelvic Inflammatory disease (PID)

36
Q

What happens as a result of PID?

A

PID can cause scar tissue in the oviducts and the oviducts can become completely blocked causing infertility

37
Q

What happens if a baby comes into contact with Chlamydia?

A

They can develop infections of the eyes and the respiratory tract

38
Q

How can Chlamydia be treated?

A

If diagnosed early enough, it can be treated with antibiotics

39
Q

What is the second most widespread STI in Canada?

A

Gonorrhea

40
Q

What is Gonorrhea most similar to?

A

Chlamydia

41
Q

How is Gonorrhea different from Chlamydia?

A

It is more prevalent in males

42
Q

What is Gonorrhea caused by?

A

The bacterium Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

43
Q

What does Gonorrhea cause?

A

Infection of the urethra, cervix, rectum, and throat. It also causes pain when urinating and thick greenish yellow discharge

44
Q

What can happen if Gonorrhea is left untreated?

A

It can lead to PID and may spread through the bloodstream and the joints, heart, and brain

45
Q

What happens if a baby comes into contact with Gonorrhea?

A

They can develop serious eye infections. This is why eye drops are given to baby

46
Q

How can Gonorrhea be treated?

A

Antibiotics

47
Q

What is Syphilis caused by?

A

The bacterium Treponema Pallidum

48
Q

How many stages are there in Syphilis and how are they separated?

A

3 and by a period of latency

49
Q

What happens in the first stage of Syphilis?

A

Infectious ulcerated sores called chancres appear at the infection sight

50
Q

What is the second stage a syphilis characterized by?

A

A rash that appears anywhere on the skin but is generally found on the palms of feet and soles on hands

51
Q

What happens in the third stage of syphilis?

A

The infection begins to affect the cardiovascular and nervous systems. An infected person may become blind, mentally ill or develop heart disease. Large ulcers called gummas may also develop on organs and skin

52
Q

How does syphilis affect an embryo?

A

It causes birth defects or stillbirth

53
Q

What happens if Syphilis is diagnosed early?

A

It can be treated with penicillin or any other antibiotic

Biology 30 (34 decks)

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