11.3 The Peripheral Nervous System

Question 1

What is the Peripheral Nervous system made of?

Answer 1

Nerves that link the brain and the spinal cord to the rest of the body

Question 2

What do sensory neurons do?

Answer 2

Carry information from all parts of the body to the central nervous system

Question 3

What do motor neurons do?

Answer 3

Carry information from the central nervous system to the effectors

Question 4

What are the two main divisions of the Peripheral nervous system?

Answer 4

The Somatic System and the Autonomic System

Question 5

What kind of control is the Somatic system under?

Answer 5

Voluntary control

Question 6

What do the Neurons of the Somatic system service?

Answer 6

The head, trunk (torso), and limbs

Question 7

What do the Sensory Neurons of the Somatic system do?

Answer 7

Carry information about the external environment inward, from receptors in the skin, tendons, and muscles

Question 8

What do the Motor Neurons of the Somatic system do?

Answer 8

Carry information to the skeletal muscles

Question 9

How many nerves does the Somatic system contain?

Answer 9

12 pairs of Cranial Nerves
31 pairs of Spinal Nerves
(all myelinated)

Question 10

What are the Cranial nerves associated with?

Answer 10

Functions of the head, neck, and face

Question 11

What does the Vagus nerve do?

Answer 11

Connects mant internal organs

Question 12

What kind of control is the autonomic system under?

Answer 12

Involuntary control

Question 13

How does the Autonomic nervous system maintain homeostasis?

Answer 13

By adjusting the body to variations in internal and external environments

Question 14

What parts of the brain control the Autonomic nervous system?

Answer 14

The Hypothalamus an the Medulla Oblongata

Question 15

What are the divisions of the Autonomic nervous system?

Answer 15

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Question 16

When is the sympathetic nervous system activated?

Answer 16

In stressful situations

Question 17

What neurotransmitter does the Sympathetic nervous system release?

Answer 17

Norepinephrine, which has excitatory effects on the muscles

Question 18

What happens when the sympathetic nerves are triggered?

Answer 18

They trigger the adrenal glands to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. It also inhibits some parts of the body

Question 19

What do epinephrine and norepinephrine do?

Answer 19

Act as hormones that activates the stress response

Question 20

When is the Parasympathetic nervous system activated?

Answer 20

When the body is calm and at rest

Question 21

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 21

Acts to restore and conserve energy in the body

Question 22

How does the parasympathetic nervous system work on the body?

Answer 22

It slows the heart rate, reduces blood pressure, promotes the digestion of food, and stimulates the reproductive organs

Question 23

What neurotransmitter does the parasympathetic nervous system use?

Answer 23

Acetylcholine

Question 24

How does caffeine affect the nervous system?

Answer 24

It is a stimulant that causes sympathetic nervous system to increase the heart rate and blood pressure