15.3 Reproduction Technology Flashcards
What are reproductive technologies?
Technologies that enhance reproductive potential
What does sterile mean?
Men or women who are unable to have nay children
When are people considered infertile?
When they have been trying unsuccessfully to become pregnant for a year
What may cause a man to become infertile?
Obstruction of the vas deferens
Low sperm count
High proportion of non-viable sperm
Inability to achieve an erection or ejaculation
Why may a women be infertile?
Blocked oviducts
Failure to ovulate
Endometriosis
Damaged eggs
What may cause obstruction of the vas deferens or oviducts?
STIs
What may cause a low sperm count?
Overheated testicles, smoking, alcohol
What may cause non-viable sperm?
Overheated testicles, exposure to toxic chemicals/radiation, infections
What may cause the inability to maintain an erection?
Vascular disease Nervous system injury Stress Hormonal imbalance Medication Smoking Alcohol intake
What may cause failure to ovulate?
Hormonal imbalances
What is endometriosis?
A painful condition where the endometrial tissues grow outside the uterus
What may caused damages eggs in woman?
Environmental factors such as exposure to toxic chemicals or radiation
What is artificial insemination?
When sperm are collected and concentrated before being placed in a woman’s vagina
How does in vitro fertilization work?
Immature eggs are retrieved from a woman’s follicles and combines with sperm. After fertilization, the embryo is placed in the uterus
What is GIFT?
Gamete intrafallopian transfer where eggs and sperm are brought together in the ovdiduct
What are surrogate mothers?
When another women is implanted using AI or IVF
What is Superovulation?
The production of multiple eggs as a result of hormone treatment
What is tubal ligation?
Cutting off the oviducts and tying off the ends
What is a vasectomy?
When the vas deferens is cut and tied
How do contraceptive technologies work?
By changing the balance of reproductive hormones within a woman’s body
What hormones do contraceptive technologies mimic?
They mimic progesterone which inhibits the release of FSH and LH so a woman doesn’t ovulate
How does the morning after pill work?
They deliver high doses of synthetic estrogen and progesterone which disrupts the ovarian cycle and prevents or delays ovulation. It can also prevent an embryo from implanting in the uterus
What are the most common side effects of Plan B?
Vomiting and painful cramps
