WSET the vine Flashcards
which is the most important vine species?
vitis vinifera, the main Eurasian species
what quality does the American vine species have that vitis vinifera don’t have?
it is resistant to phylloxera
what is phylloxera?
a vine pest (insect) that attackas the vine´s roots, it is native to North America
what does “cutting” mean when it comes to planting a new vine?
a cutting is a section of a vine shoot that is planted and then grows as a new plant
what does “layering” mean when it comes to planting a new vine?
a cane is bent down and a section of it is buried in the ground
how does layering work?
1) the cane tip points upwards out of the ground.
2) the buried section takes root
3) the cane linking between the new growth and the original is cut
what name can be used instead of “variety”?
cultivar
what is a clonal selection?
a vine with positive mutations are selected for further reproduction with layering or cutting
what is a clone?
each individual vine or group of vines that shows a particular set of unique characteristics
name some grape varieties that are clones
Pinot blanc, noir, meunier, gris are clones from the grape variety Pinot
what are researchers constantly looking for in grape varieties?
varieties with more disease resistance and are better able to thrive in certain soil and climates
what is cross-fertilisation?
pollen from the male part of a flower of one vine is transferred to the female part of the flower of another vine
how can it be a new variety after cross-fertilasation?
the pollinated flower develops into a grape with seeds, and if the seeds are planted and grows, it will be a new variety
how many years must the grape grower wait until they can see the true characteristics of the young vine?
at least two or three years
what do you call it when a new variety is produced from two parents of the same species?
a crossing
what is a hybrid?
a vine whose parents come from two different species
how does the Amarican vines defend themself against phylloxera
they are able to inhibit (hämma) the underground louse by clogging its mouth with a sticky sap (saft?)
how did Europe handle the pest when it entered in the late nineteenth century?
plant American species or hybrids
what was another solution from planting American species and hybrids?
a vitis vinifera could be grafted on to a amarican rootstock
what is grafting?
the technique used to join a rootstock to a vitis vinifera variety
how does bench grafting work?
short sections of the cane from north v.vinifera and the rootstock variety are joined together by a machine and stored in a warm environment
how does head grafting work?
The existing vine is cut back to its trunk and a bud or cutting of the new variety is grafted onto the trunk
