WSET the vine

Question 1

which is the most important vine species?

Answer 1

vitis vinifera, the main Eurasian species

Question 2

what quality does the American vine species have that vitis vinifera don’t have?

Answer 2

it is resistant to phylloxera

Question 3

what is phylloxera?

Answer 3

a vine pest (insect) that attackas the vine´s roots, it is native to North America

Question 4

what does “cutting” mean when it comes to planting a new vine?

Answer 4

a cutting is a section of a vine shoot that is planted and then grows as a new plant

Question 5

what does “layering” mean when it comes to planting a new vine?

Answer 5

a cane is bent down and a section of it is buried in the ground

Question 6

how does layering work?

Answer 6

1) the cane tip points upwards out of the ground.
2) the buried section takes root
3) the cane linking between the new growth and the original is cut

Question 7

what name can be used instead of “variety”?

Answer 7

cultivar

Question 8

what is a clonal selection?

Answer 8

a vine with positive mutations are selected for further reproduction with layering or cutting

Question 9

what is a clone?

Answer 9

each individual vine or group of vines that shows a particular set of unique characteristics

Question 10

name some grape varieties that are clones

Answer 10

Pinot blanc, noir, meunier, gris are clones from the grape variety Pinot

Question 11

what are researchers constantly looking for in grape varieties?

Answer 11

varieties with more disease resistance and are better able to thrive in certain soil and climates

Question 12

what is cross-fertilisation?

Answer 12

pollen from the male part of a flower of one vine is transferred to the female part of the flower of another vine

Question 13

how can it be a new variety after cross-fertilasation?

Answer 13

the pollinated flower develops into a grape with seeds, and if the seeds are planted and grows, it will be a new variety

Question 14

how many years must the grape grower wait until they can see the true characteristics of the young vine?

Answer 14

at least two or three years

Question 15

what do you call it when a new variety is produced from two parents of the same species?

Answer 15

a crossing

Question 16

what is a hybrid?

Answer 16

a vine whose parents come from two different species

Question 17

how does the Amarican vines defend themself against phylloxera

Answer 17

they are able to inhibit (hämma) the underground louse by clogging its mouth with a sticky sap (saft?)

Question 18

how did Europe handle the pest when it entered in the late nineteenth century?

Answer 18

plant American species or hybrids

Question 19

what was another solution from planting American species and hybrids?

Answer 19

a vitis vinifera could be grafted on to a amarican rootstock

Question 20

what is grafting?

Answer 20

the technique used to join a rootstock to a vitis vinifera variety

Question 21

how does bench grafting work?

Answer 21

short sections of the cane from north v.vinifera and the rootstock variety are joined together by a machine and stored in a warm environment

Question 22

how does head grafting work?

Answer 22

The existing vine is cut back to its trunk and a bud or cutting of the new variety is grafted onto the trunk