Week 9 - Study Guide Flashcards
Exergonic
energy released - no cost
gives off energy - used to fuel endergonic reactions that cost energy
- EX = energy is EXiting the system
- Chemical reaction where there is a release of free energy
- No outside energy needed
- Reaction goes energetically downhill
- NO cost $$
Endergonic
Energy - use ATP to drive endergonic reactions
$$ cost energy
- ATP used to make a reaction move
- Chemical reaction where energy is absorbed
- reaction goes energetically uphill
- Costs $$
Definition:
Metabolism
- Building
- Breaking down
- Reorganizing
Everything we do!!
The chemical reactions in the body that build and break down molecules into energy for the cells to survive and function.
The whole sum of reactions that occur throughout the body within each cell and that provides the body with energy.
Definition:
Coupled reactions
metabolic coupling
One requires energy, one releases energy
- A coupled reaction is an endergonic (unfavorable) reaction joined simultaneously to an exergonic (favorable) reaction;
- the exergonic reaction provides the energy required for the endergonic reaction to occur.
Definition:
Catabolic
Breakdown of complex things to free energy to build more ATP
Definition:
Anabolic
Building up
more proteins for example
Definition:
Hydrolysis
Breakdown
Definition:
Synthesis
Building
Definition:
Rearrangement
exchange reactions
Definition:
Decomposition
breaking down
Definition:
Exchange
Respiration equation
Definition:
Potential Energy
- Stored - as chemical energy
- Location of a substance or structure
- Everytime our cells have a concentration gradient - that is stored potential energy
Water behind a dam is potential energy
Hole in dam turns potential energy into kinetic energy.
Definition:
Kinetic energy
- Movement (motion of something)
- Electromagnetic - photons ejected from sun
- Thermal energy
Hole in dam turns potential energy into kinetic energy.
Oxidation =
loss of electrons
LEO
Loss of
Electrons by
Oxidation
What is meant by OIL-RIG?
Oxidation-reduction reactions
Oxidation
Is
Loss fo electrons
Reduction
Is
Gain of electrons
Oxidation-reduction reactions allow…
- energy to be released in many small steps (controlled burn)
- Allows cells to ‘harness’ released energy to make ATP (make good use of all that energy)
name the reactants of the aerobic cellular respiration
reactants (inputs)
glucose
oxygen
What is NAD?
- Coenzyme
- Vitamin B3 precursor (niacin)
NAD+ picks up (H+) & (e-) = NADH
What is FAD?
- Coenzyme
- Vitamin B2 precursor (riboflavin)
Where is glycolysis performed?
What does it produce?
- Cytoplasm
2 pyruvate
2 ATP (net)
2 NADH+
What is important in glycolysis to keep it going?
NAD+