Week 7 - Homework Flashcards
What electrolyte condition would be created by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?
a. Hypovolemic hyponatremia.
b. Hypokalemia.
c. Hypervolemic hyponatremia.
d. Hypovolemic hypernatremia.
e. Hypervolemic hypernatremia.
c. Hypervolemic hyponatremia.
Addison’s disease would cause what electrolyte imbalance?
a. Hypercalcemia.
b. Hypocalcemia.
c. Hypernatremia.
d. Hypokalemia.
e. Hyperkalemia.
e. Hyperkalemia.
Respiratory acidosis is defined as:
a. Lung dysfunction.
b. Insufficient acid production at the stomach.
c. Excessive bicarbonate retention at the kidneys.
d. Bicarbonate deficit.
e. Carbonic acid excess.
e. Carbonic acid excess.
Positive Trousseau’s sign refers to simple procedure that elicits a body response in an electrolyte imbalance patient similar to what condition?
a. Seizure.
b. Convulsion.
c. Cardiac arrhythmia.
d. Paresthesia.
e. Carpopedal spasm.
e. Carpopedal spasm.
Excessive vitamin D consumption would cause which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
a. Hypokalemia.
b. Hypernatremia.
c. Hypercalcemia.
d. Hyperkalemia.
e. Hyponatremia.
c. Hypercalcemia.
Which form of body buffer is the strongest at regulating blood pH?
a. Chemical.
b. Respiratory.
c. Renal.
c. Renal.
A crushing injury would be most likely to cause which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
a. Hyperkalemia.
b. Hypernatremia.
c. Hyponatremia.
d. Hypocalcemia.
e. Hypokalemia
a. Hyperkalemia.
If an electrolyte imbalance increases smooth muscle contraction what impact is likely?
a. Tremors or tetany in body extremities.
b. Increased heart rate.
c. Diarrhea.
c. Diarrhea.
What substance will change our blood pH the most?
a. A buffer.
b. A base that dissociates a small amount.
c. A weak acid.
d. An acid that dissociates substantially.
d. An acid that dissociates substantially.
What form of acid do we produce when our cells are doing anaerobic respiration?
a. Ketone bodies.
b. Carbonic acid.
c. Lactic acid.
d. Fatty acids.
e. Phosphoric acid.
c. Lactic acid.
If a diuretic regulates sodium at the kidneys as part of its function, what electrolyte imbalance would result from abuse of this diuretic?
a. Hypervolemic hyponatremia.
b. Hypovolemic hypernatremia.
c. Hypovolemic hyponatremia.
d. Hypervolemic hypernatremia.
c. Hypovolemic hyponatremia.
What blood protein is important in its role as a blood buffer?
a. Albumin.
b. Fibrinogen.
c. Gammaglobulin.
a. Albumin.
Which bicarbonate to hydrogen ion ratio would indicate acidosis?
a. 17:1.
b. 22:1.
c. 20:1.
d. 20:3.
a. 17:1.
Examine Lab Handouts page 39 and answer the following question. If a patient has alkalosis, how can cells respond?
a. Potassium ions will be transported into the cell.
b. Hypokalemia will result.
c. All listed options can result.
d. Hydrogen ions will be transported out of the cell.
c. All listed options can result.
Identify the potential causes of hypokalemia.
a. Vomiting.
b. Hyperaldosteronism.
c. Alkalosis.
d. All listed options could cause hypokalemia.
e. Cushing’s syndrome
d. All listed options could cause hypokalemia.
According to the Nernst equation, what impact will a decreased concentration of single charge cations (such as K+ or Na+) have on cellular activity?
a. It decreases it due to hyperpolarization impacts.
b. It increases it due to depolarization impacts.
a. It decreases it due to hyperpolarization impacts.
According to the Nernst equation an extracellular increase in which two electrolytes will lead to decreased cellular activity.
a. Sodium and magnesium.
b. Sodium and potassium.
c. Potassium and calcium.
d. Sodium and chloride.
e. Magnesium and calcium.
e. Magnesium and calcium.
What condition has been associated with ‘feelings of impending doom’?
a. Hypocalcemia.
b. Hyperkalemia.
c. Hypovolemic hyponatremia.
d. Hypervolemic hypernatremia.
e. Hypervolemic hyponatremia.
e. Hypervolemic hyponatremia.
Hypercalcemia could be caused by which of the following conditions?
a. Hyperparathyroidism.
b. Alkalosis.
c. Explosive diarrhea.
d. Hypoaldosteronism.
e. SIADH.
a. Hyperparathyroidism.
Which of the following applies to metabolic acidosis?
a. Excess bicarbonate causes it and the pH will thus fall below 7.35.
b. It can occur after a period of prolonged vomiting.
c. Results when bicarbonate ion is present in excess.
d. Causes the pH of the blood to drop below 7.35.
e. All listed options are appropriate.
d. Causes the pH of the blood to drop below 7.35.
What substance has the ability to release a hydrogen ion?
a. HCO3-.
b. A base.
c. An acid.
d. CO2.
e. H+.
c. An acid.
Hypoaldosteronism would lead to which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
a. Hypernatremia.
b. Both hypernatremia and hypokalemia.
c. Hypokalemia.
d. Hypocalcemia.
e. Hyponatremia
e. Hyponatremia
What pH imbalance could lead to hypercalcemia?
a. Acidosis.
b. Alkalosis.
a. Acidosis.
