Week 5 - Worksheet 2 Flashcards
Urinary
Artificial filtering of the blood as a result of kidney damage or disease is referred to as _____.
Hemodialysis
Kidney inflammation primarily involving the nephron is known as ______.
Glomerulonephritis
The crystallization of substances such as calcium oxolate and calcium phosphate may result in the formation of kidney stones, also called ______.
Renal Calculi
The micturition reflex is mediated by the ________ division of the autonomic system.
Parasympathetic division
Microscopic masses of material that have hardened and assume the shape of the lumens of renal tubules are called_____.
Casts
_________ is a condition that describes the presence of blood in the urine.
Hematuria
The greater the concentration of solutes in the urine, the greater will be its ______.
Specific Gravity
The pH of urine in individuals on high protein diets tend to be ___________ than normal.
More acidic
lower pH
Any chemical substance that increases urine volume is classified as a _______.
Diuretics
The substance secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus when renal blood pressure falls below normal is called ______.
Renin
from the macula densa cells in the DCT
The electrolyte that directly affects obligatory reabsorption of water is ______
Sodium
The presence of glucose in the urine is referred to as ______.
Glycosuria
The highest amount of substance that can be reabsorbed by the kidneys is called the substance’s ________.
Tubular Maximum
The ability of the kidneys to produce either hypertonic or hypotonic urine depends on the _________.
Countercurrent multiplier mechanism
Toxic levels of urea in the blood resulting from severe kidney malfunction
Uremia
Instrument used for examination of the urinary bladder
Cystoscope
Narrowing of the lumen of a canal or hollow organ.
Constriction
painful urination
Dysuria
Excessive amounts of urine
polyuria
Any disease of the kidney, but usually one that is degenerative
Nephrosis
Scant urine
oliguria
TRUE or FALSE:
In the normal adult, the glomerular filtration rate is about 500 ml/min.
False
It is 120 ml/min
TRUE or FALSE:
The term “renal suppression” applies to a condition in which glomerular bloody hydrostatic pressure falls to about 50 mmHg.
True
GFR stops
Hpg = Hpc & OPg
nothing moving
TRUE or FALSE:
Because the afferent arteriole si smaller in diameter than the efferent arteriole, it offers more resistance to the outflow of blood from te glomerulus.
FALSE
Afferent arteriole is larger in diameter than the efferent arteriole - which offers more resistance to the outflow of blood from the glomerulus.
TRUE or FALSE:
The three steps involved in urine formation are filtration, reabsorption, secretion.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE:
Renal corpuscle is Bowman’s capsule together with its glomerulus.
TRUE
The part of a nephron that passes the filtrate into the collecting duct is the proximal convoluted tubule.
FALSE
The distal convoluted tubule
The triangular-shaped structures of the medulla of a kidney are called the calyces.
FALSE
Renal Pyramids
TRUE or FALSE:
Inflammation of the kidney pelvis and its calyces is referred to as pyelitis.
TRUE
