Week 10 - Study Guide Flashcards
Why is it important that the scrotum is outside the body?
Temperature regulation for the sperm
What is the pathway for pre-birth descent for the scrotum?
through the inguinal canal
What is cryptorchidism?
undescended testes → sterility
easy to get surgically
In Greek it means = hidden flowers
Orchid in Greek?
testicles
What is the surgery called that corrects cryptochordism?
Orchiopexy
What muscle raises and lowers the testes
Cremaster muscle
What muscle expands or contracts to wrinkle the scrotal skin and adjusts surface area for heat loss
Dartos muscle
What structure is in the scrotum,
- continuous with ductus deferens
- final sperm development & storage
Epididymis
What structure enters the abdomen,
- stores sperm & propels to urethra upon ejaculation
Ductus (vas) deferens
The glandular structure that joins with the ductus deferens to for the ejaculatory duct?
Seminal vesicle
What surrounds the urethra, is inside, ejaculatory ducts join & then join the urethra?
Prostrate gland
The sperm pathway from seminiferous tubules of testes -
Ducts & Pathways
- Epididymis
- Ductus (vas) deferens
- Seminal Vesicles
- Prostrate gland
What kind of cells produce testosterone?
interstitial cells
What are the accessory glands?
And in order
- Seminal vesicles - 60% of volume
- Prostrate Gland - 33% of volume
- Bulbourethral Gland
What accessory gland has alkaline components & fructose, yellow pigment visible with UV light?
Seminal Vesicles
What accessory gland has a milky substance, alkaline secretion, and enzymes that activate sperm?
Prostrate gland
What accessory gland has alkaline mucus and provide lubrication during intercourse?
Bulbourethral
What stimulates reverse peristalsis (inwards) in the uterus to propel sperm that is contained in the semen?
prostaglandins
The semen contains chemicals that do what to the immune response of the female system?
suppresses (inhibits) immune response of the female system
What in the semen causes coagulation of the semen to stick to the walls of the vagina?
clotting factors
Spiderman web shooters
Which reflex is responsible for the erection?
parasympathetic reflex
(calm)
Erection fills with blood due to_____
nitric oxide that stimulates the relaxing of the smooth muscle to get more blood flow
Erection:
What retards outflow & maintains engorgement?
(more blood maintaining)
Corpora cavernosa
Erection:
What keeps the urethra open?
(less blood flow to bottom zone)
Corpus spongiosum
What reflex is responsible for ejaculation?
Sympathetic Reflex
F/F
Semen secretion via smooth muscle contraction
Ejaculation
What undergoes rapid contractions propelling semen close to 11 mph?
Bulbospongiosus muscle
What is considered fertility problems?
<20 million sperm / 3 ml
What is the inability to have or maintain an erection?
impotence
What are some possible causes of impotence?
- stress - negative impact - SNS regulation - no arousal
- SNS - heart health - NS health - mental health
- Diet - health, sleep, emotional health
Males:
Secretion controlled by hormones via…
Hypothalamus
Males:
Releasing factors from the hypothalamus…
- GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary gland
Males:
GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release what two hormones?
FSH & LH
Males:
Where do FSH and LH travel to?
to the Reproductive organs
Helps facilitate spermatogenesis
Testicle interstitial cells produce…
Testosterone
–> sperm development and maturation
Ovaries –
Multiple ovarian follicles in various stages of development
Cortex
How many ova produced for 30-40 years?
After sexual maturation (puberty) –
One ova produced ~ 28 days for 30-40 years
What holds the ovary in place?
Ovarian ligament