Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO 233 > Week 8 - Digestive System Overview > Flashcards

Week 8 - Digestive System Overview Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

This structure in life is quite long with a small diameter but can nearly double in length after death due to lack of muscle tone.

A

Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

This structure can become enflamed due to bouts of frequent vomiting (e.g. bulimia) and could be an observable sign due to swelling of the region.

A

Parotoid glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Valsalva’s maneuver aids the emptying of this structure.

A

Bowels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

An ulcer in this region could cause melena

A

stomach or
duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cells of this structure produce intrinsic factor, a chemical necessary for vitamin B12 absorption

A

stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Regular irritation of this structure could lead to GERD, and increased risk of esophageal cancer

A

Gastroesophageal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This structure is full of cells modified with villi and microvilli to vastly increase surface area and absorption

A

small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

This structure can stretch to hold up to a gallon of food or drink

A

stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The hormone secretin will stimulate this structure to secrete enzymes and bicarbonate to facilitate further digestion in the duodenum

A

pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

This structure has tons of internal surface area lined with hepatocytes involved in diverse jobs such as detoxification, storage, and processing metabolites

A

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Carbohydrate digestive enzyme and location

A

salivary amylase

Oral cavity
Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lipids digestive enzyme

A

salivary amylase
lipase

Oral cavity initiates,
stomach
small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Proteins digestive enzyme

A

Pepsin

Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Accessory organ:

  1. Stores bile & secretes it into duodenum.
  2. Not in direct contact with ingested materials.
  3. Temporary storage of the “emulsifier” of ingested fats
A

Gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Accessory organ:

a. Not in direct contact with ingested materials materials
b. Acts as endocrine & exocrine gland
c. Produces many enzymes & bicarbonate secreted into duodenum

A

Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Accessory Organ:

a. Produces bile from products of breakdown of RBCs
b. Produces substances known as bilirubin
c. Produces heparin & plasma proteins (albumin)
d. Not in direct contact with ingested materials
e. Acts as endocrine and exocrine gland
f. Temporary storage of many nutrients but also lipid-soluble toxins

A

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Acid reflux occurs if this structure is compromised

A

Cardiac sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Function of secretin

A

Increased production of HCO3-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why chemotherapy causes nausea & vomiting

A

Treatment destroys rapidly dividing cells

20
Q

Stores bile

A

Gallbladder

21
Q

Connects stomachs lesser curvature to liver

A

Lesser omentum

22
Q

Function of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)

A

Dilates blood vessels of intestines

23
Q

Tightening of pyloric sphincter to delay emptying

A

Peristalsis

24
Q

Secreted by parietal cells of stomach

A

HCl & intrinsic factor for B12 absorption

25
Q

Special blood route delivering nutrients to liver

A

Hepatic-portal vein

26
Q

Anticoagulant produced in liver

A

heparin

27
Q

Hormone that stimulates gastric glands

A

Gastrin

28
Q

Where appendix is found

A

Cecum

29
Q

Stimulates enzyme-rich pancreatic juice release

A

Cholecystokinin

30
Q

Produces gastrin & cholecystokinin

A

Enteroendocrine cells

31
Q

Distention of intestine will elicit this reaction

A

Enteroendocrine reflux

32
Q

Emulsifier of fat

A

Bile

33
Q

Allows convenient control of elimination

A

external sphincter

34
Q

Cause brown coloration of feces

A

Urobilinogen

35
Q

Latter 2 divisions of the small intestine

A

Jejunum
Ileum

36
Q

Folds of stomach submucosa

A

Rugae

37
Q

Another name for “chief” cells

A

Zymogenic cells

38
Q

Pepsinogen is

A

Protein-digesting enzyme in inactive form

39
Q

Paneth cells secrete these (2)

A

Defensin
Lysozyme

40
Q

Cephalic & gastric phase controlling secretions are also known as (2)

A

Neural
Hormonal

41
Q

Makes bile

A

Liver

42
Q

First foot of the small intestine

A

Duodenum

43
Q

Exocrine & endocrine organ

A

Pancreas

44
Q

Rhythmic wave of muscle contraction

A

Peristalsis

45
Q

Produces pepsinogen

A

Zymogenic cells

BIO 233 (62 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions