Week 9 - Cumulative Review Flashcards
Which factor(s) are proportional to blood flow rate?
A. Pressure gradient
B. Viscosity
C. Friction
D. Vessel length
F = ▲Pπr⁴
———
8nL
A. Pressure gradient
Which hormone impacts the cardiovascular system by vasodilating?
A. Angiotensin
B. Atrial natriuretic peptide
C. ADH
D. Epinephrine
B. Atrial natriuretic peptide
All others vasoconstrict & do other functions as well
Circulatory Shock can be caused by many means, but which of these are considered indirect?
A. Hemorrhage
B. Burns
C. Trauma
D. Dehydration
B. Burns
D. Dehydration
What two cell types are specifically involved in creating the memory involved in adaptive immunity?
B cells & T cells
Active immunization (vaccination) would contain what substance?
Antigens – to initiate immune response
Transplant rejection & autoimmunity would both involve this specific immune system component that helps normally to differentiate our cells from foreign cells.
Major histocompatibility complex (MHCs)
In Fick’s Law of diffusion of gases, the diffusion rate is proportional to which of the following.
A. Surface area
B. Thickness of respiratory membrane
C. Pressure difference
D. all of the above
A. Surface area
C. Pressure difference
Vg = (A)(P1-P2)(D)
——————-
(T)
Name 4 factors that influence the unbinding of O2 from hemoglobin at the tissues.
- pO2
- pCO2
- temperature
- pH
The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve tells us that under exercise conditions the utilization coefficient would be expected to be _____% of oxygen bound to hemoglobin.
75%
At the LUNGS the chloride shift occurs in which direction AND involves exchange for what other ion?
Chloride shifts out RBC’s & bicarbonate into
In addition to the medulla oblongata, what two other regions of the brain can regulate respiratory rate?
- Cortex – voluntary regulation
- Hypothalamus – emotional
- OR Pons
If pH is low, pCO2 is low & bicarbonate is low, what type of pH disturbance is this specifically?
Partially Compensated Metabolic Acidosis
The receptors involved in the baroreflex & chemoreflex of cardiovascular regulation are located in what two regions of the body?
Carotid arteries & aorta
Which component of systemic NFP is normally expected to have a value of 0 & for what reason?
HPif = 0 due to lymphatics
Antigen presenting cells (APCs) in adaptive immunity act as signals to what cell type stimulating them to go through clonal selection (mitosis)?
Naïve helper T cells