Variation and evolution

Question 1

variation

Answer 1

differences between members of the same species

Question 2

accquired variations

Answer 2

vairations not passed on by genes, they are learned or developed during a lifetime

Question 3

Inherited vairation

Answer 3

Genetic variations and are passed from parents to offspring by genes

Question 4

what are two factors that cause genetic variation

Answer 4

1.sexual reproduction
2.mutations

Question 5

describe how sexual reproduction gives rise to vairation

Answer 5

-meiosis rearranged genetic material
-Independent assortment allows for vairation
-crossing over occours duting meiosis

Question 6

what is a mutation

Answer 6

a change in the amount of DNA in a cell or the structure of DNA in a cell

Question 7

Mutagen

Answer 7

is an agent that causes a change in the genetic material (mutation)

Question 8

name the two types of mutations

Answer 8

gene mutation
chromosome mutation

Question 9

Gene mutation

Answer 9

change in structure of a single gene

Question 10

chromosome mutation

Answer 10

a change in the number or structure of chromosomes

Question 11

name an example of a gene mutation

Answer 11

Haemophilia

Question 12

Name an example of a chromosome mutation

Answer 12

Down syndrome

Question 13

how many chromosomes does an adverage person have

Answer 13

normal 23 pairs

Question 14

Evolution

Answer 14

the way in which living organisms change genetically in response to their enviorment over a long period of time

Question 15

speciation

Answer 15

changes in a group of organisms over a long period of time will drastically differ from the orginal organisms

Question 15

natural selection

Answer 15

the process by which organisms with genetically controlled characteristics that allow them to be well adpated to their enviorment will survive and reproduce to pass their genes to the next generation.

Question 16

Name the two scientists that studied evolution

Answer 16

Darwin and Wallace

Question 17

Describe the theory of evolution

Answer 17

Species produce large amount of offspring. Results in high competition for limited amount of resources. There is a struggle for existance. All species show inheireted varations among members. Those most suited to their emviorment due to favorable inherited charateristics will survive. They survive as they are best adapted to their enviorment, resuting in survival of the fittest.

Question 18

name evidence for evolution

Answer 18

study of fossils

Question 19

what is a fossil

Answer 19

preserved remains of an organism

Question 20

explain a piece of evidence for evolution

Answer 20

fossils can be ages, therefore they can be compared. Modern fossils are more complex compared to older fossils. this can be linked to enviormental change.