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Biology > Plant Response > Flashcards

Plant Response Flashcards

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1
Q

Adaptations

A

Changes in a living organism in order to survive

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2
Q

What is plant growth regulated by?

A

Plant growth is regulated by external and internal factors

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3
Q

Name external factors that can affect a plant

A

Light
Gravity
Temperature
Water

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4
Q

What are internal factors that can affect plant growth

A

Growth regulators

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5
Q

Stimulus

A

Change in environment that caused an reaction in an organism

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6
Q

Response

A

Reaction of an organism to a stimulus

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7
Q

Tropism

A

Growth response of a plant to a stimulus

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8
Q

Positive tropism

A

Growth of plant towards stimulus

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9
Q

Negative tropism

A

Growth of plant away from stimulus

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10
Q

Adverse environment

A

Harsh conditions that can harm a plant

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11
Q

Name the 5 types of tropism

A

Phototropism
Geotropism
Hydrotropism
Thigmotropism
Chemotropism

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12
Q

What is phototropism

A

Growth response of a plant to light

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13
Q

What is geotropism

A

Growth response of a plant to gravity

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14
Q

What is chemotropism

A

Growth response of a plant to chemicals

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15
Q

What is hydrotropism

A

Growth response of a plant to water

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16
Q

What is thigmotropism

A

Growth response of a plant to touch

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17
Q

Describe phototropism

A

Shoot is positively phototropic
Root is negative phototrophic

18
Q

Advantages of phototropism

A

Shoot absorbs more light- more photosynthesis
Roots anchor the plant into soil

19
Q

Describe geotropism

A

Shoot negatively geotropic
Root positively geotrophic

20
Q

Describe the advantages of geotropism

A

Plants anchored in the ground
Allows roots to absorb water and minerals

21
Q

Describe hydrotropism

A

Root positively hydrotropic
Shoot negatively hydrotropic

22
Q

Describe chemotropism and give an example not involving roots

A

Roots negatively chemotropism towards acid
Roots positively chemotropic towards minerals
Eg. Pollen tube grows towards chemicals released by ovule

23
Q

Describe thigmotropism

A

Climbing plants have tendrils - wrap around objects for support (positively thigmotropic)
Roots grow away from stones in soil (negatively thigmotropic)

24
Q

Describe the mechanism of phototropism

A

IAA is produced in the meristem of the stem tip. When light shines on one side of the plant. IAA diffuses down shady side.Causes cells to grow and elongate on shady side. The plant structure bends over towards light due to the growth differences

25
Q

What is a growth regulator

A

chemical that controls the growth of a plant

26
Q

Where are plant regulators transported

A

Vascular tissue

27
Q

List the similarities between animal hormones and plant growth regulators

A

Produced in small amounts at one site and act in another site
Both transported in vascular tissue
Slow response time
Long lasting effect

28
Q

What are growth promoters

A

Encourage the growth of plants

29
Q

What are growth inhibitors

A

Stops/ prevents the growth of plants

30
Q

Name a growth promoter and a growth inhibitor

A

Growth promoter- Auxins /IAA
Growth inhibitor-ethene

31
Q

In the case of a growth inhibitor, name, state where it is produced and its affects

A

Ethene
Produced by stem nodes, ripe fruits and decaying leaves
It causes fruit ripen and leaves to fall and decay during autumn

32
Q

Where is IAA/auxins produced

A

Meristem tissue in the roots and shoot tip

33
Q

Name and briefly explain the affect of auxins

A

Fruit formation+flower formation
Apical dominance ( apical bud is cut so material buds can develop)
Cell division - weakens cell wall causing water to be absorbed, promotes growth

Root and shoot growth

34
Q

Describe the effect of IAA on root and shoot growth

A

High concentrations of IAA inhibit root growth and encourage shoot growth
Low concentrations of IAA inhibit shoot growth and stimulate root growth

35
Q

Name commercial use of growth regulators

A

Rooting power
Ethene ripens fruit
Seedless fruits
Weed killers (inhibits root growth)

36
Q

Name ways that plants protect themselves against adverse external environment

A

Spines,thorns, stinging hair to stop being eaten by animals
Guard cells shrivel and close stomata: stop excess water loss
Stress proteins production: attack by microorganisms

37
Q

Describe the procedure to investigate the effect of different concentrations IAA growth regulator on plant tissue

A

A serial dilation produced different concentrations of IAA. to ensure it is a fair test, each dish , expect the control, has 9ml of IAA solution diluted to different concentrations. Control dish has only water.
Place acetate paper in the Petri dishes and place radish seeds evenly spaced on to the same line.secure using petroleum jelly.
Add filter paper and Cotten wool on top
Seal and stand on side to ensure the root grows down and shoot grows up.
Incubate @ 25C for 3-5 days

38
Q

In investigate the effect of different concentrations IAA growth regulator on plant tissue, what was the plant tissue?

A

Radish seeds

39
Q

In investigate the effect of different concentrations IAA growth regulator on plant tissue, what is the purpose of the acetate grid paper?

A

Count length of roots and shoots

40
Q

In investigate the effect of different concentrations IAA growth regulator on plant tissue, what is the purpose of filter paper

A

Ensure root and shoot do not get tangled in cotton wool

41
Q

In investigate the effect of different concentrations IAA growth regulator on plant tissue, what is the purpose of the cotton wool

A

soaked up IAA solution

42
Q

Explain the Results In investigate the effect of different concentrations IAA growth regulator on plant tissue

A

Lengths of roots and shoot measured
The results are compared to the control results
High conc of IAA stimulated shoot growth ( long shoot). Inhibited root growth
Low conc of IAA- stimulate root growth( long root)
Inhibited shoot growth ( short shoot)

Control- root and shoot grew equal amounts

Biology (29 decks)

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