Genetic engineering Flashcards
What is genetic engeneering
the artificial manlupation or alteration of genes
Name applications of genetic engineering in plants
crops such as corn can be genetically modified to be resistant to herbicide
Name applications of genetic engineering in animals
human clotting factor can be produced by hamster cells to treat haemophiliacs
Name applications of genetic engineering in microrganisms
human insulin can be produced by genetically modified bacteria
recombinant DNA
this is altered DNA. contains DNA from two or more organisms
What is GMO
Genetically modified orgamisms, organism with altered DNA
Vectors
piece of DNA that will accept foreign DNA and carry it into a host cell
what are commonly used as vectors
plasmid
decribe the steps in genetic engenerring
Isolation
Cutting
Lignation
Transformation
Expression
describe isolation
Identifying and removing DNA containing gene of intrest. Vector DNA is alos removed
describe Cutting
restriction enzymes used to cut the gene of intrest from DNA. A cut in the vector is also made
describe Lignation
attaching/ sealing the target gene into the vector DNA
Describe transformation
The formation of recombinant DNA. The base sequence of the host DNA is changed. Ligase DNA is used
Describe cloning
the altered cells make copies of themselves
describe expression
protein is produed by the gene of intrest
