The respiratory system

Question 1

Active process

Answer 1

a process that requires energy ATP

Question 2

what does atp stand for

Answer 2

adnosine triphosphate

Question 3

Breathing

Answer 3

physical act of taking in oxygen from the atomsphere and releasing carbon dioxide

Question 4

homeostatasis

Answer 4

maitain a constant internal enviorment in a living organism

Question 5

Inhalation

Answer 5

physical act of taking in oxygen.Active process

Question 6

Respiration

Answer 6

the release of energy (ATP) from food.Its a catabolic process

Question 7

Lungs are

Answer 7

air tight
located in the thoracic cavity
protected by ribcage and sternum
pleural membrane around lungs allows for friction free movement

Question 8

Nasal passage/ nose

Answer 8

lines with cilia hairs and muchuas to trap dust and pathogens.
Filters, warms and moistens the air

Question 9

epiglottis

Answer 9

flap of tissue at the top of trachea to seal over traches during eating ( prevent food going down the wrong way)

Question 10

bronchioles

Answer 10

bronchus divides into smaller branches known as bronchioles.alveoli located at the end

Question 10

trachea

Answer 10

part of air passage.Allow air to enter in the lungs.Trachea is lined with rings of cartilage to prevent collapse of traches

Question 10

Bronchus

Answer 10

trachea divides into two bronchus, one leading into each lung

Question 11

pleural membrane

Answer 11

acts as a lubericant and reduces friction

Question 12

alveoli

Answer 12

points of gas exchange where O2 and CO2 are exchanged between the lungs and blood.

Question 13

What is breathing controlled by

Answer 13

medulla oblongada

Question 13

Explain the gaseous exchange at the alveoli

Answer 13

• occours by dissusion,passive process
• oxygen passes from lungs into blood,where it then travels to cells.
• carbon dioxide passes from blood into lungs to be exhailed
• co2 is transported dissolved in plasma

Question 13

how have alveoli adopted to their role

Answer 13

large surface area- presence of many alveoli
walls are one cell thick- faster movement of molecules
moist surface
surrounded by a rich blood supply

Question 14

decribe the process of exhilation

Answer 14

• passive process
• diaphram and intercostal mucles relax
• ribcage moves down and in
• volume of lungs decreases
• pressure inside lungs> pressure outside lungs
• air is released into surrounding enviorment

Question 14

describe the process of inhilation

Answer 14

• Active process
• high leveles of CO2 detected by the medulla oblongata.
• sends electrical impluse.
• diaphram and intercostal mucles contract
• ribcahe moves up and out
• pressure inside lungs< pressure outside lungs
• Air is taken in from surrounding enviorment

Question 15

what is the PH of blood

Answer 15

7.4

Question 16

what controls the rate of breathing and how

Answer 16

medulla oblongata moniters levels of co2 in blood. It dectets high levels of CO2 (decreasing PH) and increases rate of breathing to expel more CO2.
CO2 is the controlling factor for gas exchange in animals.

Question 17

expain the relationship between exercise and rate of breathing

Answer 17

during exercise the brain increases the rate of breathong to supply more oxygen to tissue and expel CO2.
Increased exercise = increased rate of breathing

Question 18

Name a deficiency disease associated with the breathing system stating
(a) symptoms
(b)cause
(c) treatment
(d) prevention

Answer 18

Asthma
a- coughing,difficulty breathing
b- presence of dust,pollen + other allergens
c- inhale brochodilators
d- avoid allergens