Uruguay, Peru, Brazil, Mexico Flashcards
Peruvian Pisco distillation
Copper pot stills
Uruguay name for Tannat
Harriague - after the guy that brought it there
Uruguay wine law
- Vino Común: common wine
- VCP: Vino de Calidad Preferete
- min 85% for varietal labelling
- Vitis Vinfera
- packaged in glass 750ml or less
- min 10.5% ABV
- regions follow political boundaries. 16/19 make wine. Grouped into 6 sets
Canelones
60% of Uruguayan production
* Canelones, Montevideo, San José = Metropolitan regions
Uruguay climate
(mostly) humid maritime
* Atlantic influence
* avg 39in/yr rain
* humid
* 30 - 35ºS
Uruguay viticultural threats
- BIRDS: huge bird populations
- Rot: very humid here
- Fungal disease
Tannat in Uruguay
1 grape
- thick skins withstand heat and humidity. Actually benefits from some humidity
- TANNINS: 5 seeds instead of the normal 2 or 3. Seeds have the most tannin
Uruguay grapes
- Tannat
- Moscatel de Hamburg (black Muscat; used in rosé)
- Merlot
- Ugni Blanc
- Cab Sauv
- Ugni Blanc, SB, CH = most planted whites
75% of production is red
Uruguay wine regions
- Metropolitan: Canelones, Montevideo, San José
- Coastal: Maldonado, Rocha
- S. Riverside: Soria, Colonia
- N. Riverside: Artigas, Salta, Paysandú
- Northern: Rivera, Tacuerembó
- Central: Durazno, Florida, Lavalleja, Treinta y Tres
Uruguay producers
Marichal
Bodegas Garzon
Artesana
Bouza
Brazil’s most important places for production
Rio Grande do Sul (state)
* Serra Gaucha subregion is the most developed within.. 90% of Brazil production
**Vale dos Vinhedos DO, Altos de Pinto Bandeira DO
DO of Rio Grande do Sol
Vale dos Vinhedos DO, Altos de Pinto Bandeira DO
Altos de Pinto Bandeira DO
Brazil; DO within Rio Grande do Sol (state)
* Espumante Natural: Chardonnay, Pinot Noir with max 25% of Riesling Italico
* traditional method, 12/24/36months on lees
* 520 - 770M
Brazil Wine Law
IP = indication of origin
DO = wine with characteristics due to environment, both natural and human factors
Vale dos Vinhedos DO
Serra Gaucha, Rio Grande de Sol
Brazil
SPARKLING: Chard/PN
WHITE: Chard/Welschriesling
RED: Merlot-based with Cab Sauv, Franc, Tannat
Brazil’s 1st origin indication (2002); became DO in 2012
Place in Brazil that harvests 2x a year
São Francisco Valley
Brazil grapes
Vitis vinifera:
1. Cab Sauv
2. Chard
3. Merlot
4. Moscato
5. Pinot Noir
Hybrids/Vitis Lambrusca = ~75% of vineyard area. Isabel is the most planted. Bordô also common.
4 spirits distilled from wine
- Pisco
- Armagnac
- Cognac
- Brandy de Jerez
Peruvian Pisco
- distillation
- main grape
Distilled from wine (like Cognac, etc)
* distilled 1x in copper pot still
* distilled to proof (38% to 48%). No water added
* min. 3 months aging in “non-reactive” container (no wood)
quebranta, mollar, negra criolla, uvina, italia, moscatel, torontel and albilla
Traditional aging/storage vessel for Peruvian Pisco
Botijas
Peruvian Pisco varieties - name 3
Non-aromatics:
1. Quebranta (most important; 80% of Pisco made with it entirely or blended)
2. Negra Criolla
3. Uvina
4. Mollar
Aromatics:
5. Moscatel
6. Torrontel
7. Italia
8. Albilla
3 types of Peruvian Pisco
- Puro Pisco: single varietal
- Mosto Verdes: distilled from sweet (partially unfermented) wine
- Acholados: blends of 2 or more different varieties. Blended after fermentation
Peruvian Pisco additives
Literally.. nothing
No water, caramel, wood aging, etc
Baja Mexico climate
Mediterranean with maritime climate
Oldest winery in the Americas
Casa Madero, 1597
states in Mexico with wine production
Baja California (90%)
Chihuahua
Coahuila
Zacatecas
San Luis Potosi
Guanajuato
Queretaro
Aguascalientes
Wine production valleys of Baja California
Valle de Guadelupe** most important
Calafia
Santo Tomas
San Vicente
San Antonio de la Minas
Baja California climate
Hot dry Mediterranean with maritime influence
* very dry - as little as 8in rain/yr in some parts
Valle de Guadelupe
Key wine region in Baja California
* LA Cetto = biggest winery (produces over 1/2 of Mexican wine)
* hot dry Mediterranean climate
Cab Sauv, Merlot, Zin
What major French company arrived in Brazil in the 1970’s, marking the beginning of the industry’s modernization?
Moet et Chandon
What is Brazil’s first DO?
Vale dos Vinhedos, located in the celebrated Serra Gaúcha region
Pinto Bandeiro DO features what style of wine?
Sparkling - this is the first sparkling wine-specific appellation outside of Europe
(Brazil)
Brazil’s Riesling Itálico is actually ____________?
Welschriesling
What 3 varieties dominate over 3/4 of Brazil’s planted vines?
Isabel
Niagara
Bordô
What is Brazil’s most planted variety?
Isabel
What is Brazil’s most planted vinifera variety?
Cabernet Sauvignon
Where would you find the majority of Brazilian Tannat plantings?
In Serra do Sudeste and Campanha Gaúcha, at the southern tip where naturally.. the grape migrated from Uruguay
Heartland of Peruvian Pisco
Ica Valley
