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Continuing Studies > GR: North/Central > Flashcards

GR: North/Central Flashcards

1
Q

Greece’s most planted grapes, largest to least

A
  1. Savatiano (16.52%)
  2. Roditis (14.34%)
  3. Agiorgitiko (5.28%)
  4. Liatiko (3.85%)
  5. Xinomavro (3.44%)
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2
Q

Greece’s main mountain range

A

Pindos (southern extension of the Alps)

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3
Q

Greece climate

A

Mediteranean except:
- Continental: Epirus, central Péloponnèse, western Thessaly, western Macedonia
- rains most in north & west

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4
Q

Greek Wine Law

A
  1. PDO: 33 total, 19% of production
    * 100% of grapes must come from said PDO
  2. PGI: 120 total, 62% of production; regional, district, area (being as small as a single vyd)
    * 85% of grapes from said PGI
    ** 2 traditional PGI: Verdea, Retsina
  3. Varietal: vintage + grape, no origin
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5
Q

Greek % laws regarding origin, grapes, vintage

A

Vintage: 85%
Origin: 85% for PGI, 100% for PDO
Grapes: 85% of listed varietal, 100% of listed varietal if multiple

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6
Q

Xinomavro
- characteristics
- main PDOs/regions

A

Widely planted in Macedonia, Thrace
- Goumenissa PDO (blend w Negoska_
- Rapsani PDO: (blend w Krassato, Stavroto)
- Naoussa PDO
- Amynteo PDO

Light color, high acid/tannin, prone to oxidation. Often blended bc it isn’t always that agreeable on its own.

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7
Q

Debina

A

WHITE
Epirus - Zitsa PDO is its main home
* drought sensitive (Epirus gets plenty of rain)
* low alcohol, high acid (perfect for sparkling)

[zitsa sits on a plateau at avg 650M; sparking wines are traditional as fermentation stopped during cold winter, restarting in spring.. trapping CO2 in aging vessels. Most vineyards here are fenced as wildlife is the main viti threat]

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8
Q

Thrace
- climate, soils, grapes

A

GRAPES: Mavroudi, LImnio
CLIMATE: Mediterranean, some continental inland. Rodopi Mountains block cool northern air, Aegean Sea gives warm, moist air. Very humid place
SOILS: deep, sandy by the sea. Clay inland, rocky & poor up in the mountains

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9
Q

Thrace - PGIs

A

Regional PGIs: Thrace
District PGIs: Evros
Area PGIs: Avdira, Ismaros
* NO PDO

No economic center, no rebound after phylloxera. Tsantali est. here 1990’s, turning things around.

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10
Q

Amynteo PDO climate, elevation

A

Macedonia
* Continental. Cold! (ties with Epirus for coldest). Highest levels of rainfall, hail, snow
* 520 - 720M
* temps moderated by surrounding lakes

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11
Q

Amynteo PDO - grapes/styles

A

Macedonia
* 100% Xinomavro
* Sparkling Rosé (Dry and Semi-Sweet), Rosé, Dry Red

Sand (mainly) + limestone, loam. Phylloxera has a hard time surviving aka there’s patches of ungrafted old vines

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12
Q

Naoussa PDO
- mountains, climate, soils

A

Macedonia
* east-facing band of vyd along Mt. Vermion/Vermio Mtns. CONTINENTAL climate - the mtns create a foehn wind that suck cold, damp Aegean air
* SOILS: Clay & limestone

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13
Q

Naoussa “crus”

A

13 total. Ones to know….

  1. Trifolos: lower elevation, fuller-bodied
  2. Fytia: higher elevation; spare rocky soils
  3. Ramnista: home of Kir-Yianni
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14
Q

Boutari

A

Est. 1879, Naoussa (Macedonia)
* 1st to bottle wine in Greece

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15
Q

PDO of Macedonia

A
  1. Naoussa PDO (Xinomavro)
    * 80 - 350M
  2. Amynteo PDO (Xinomavro)
    * 520 - 720M
  3. Goumenissa PDO (Xinomavro + min 20% Negoska)
    * 150 - 300M
  4. Slopes of Meliton
    * 100 - 250M
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16
Q

Halkidiki

A

Macedonia; Aegean Coast.. home to the Slopes of Meliton PDO (home to Dom. Porto Carras)

17
Q

Goumenissa

A

DRY RED: Xinomavro + min. 20% Negoska
* South-facing. Warmest of the Xinomavro PDO’s. 150 - 300M
* Mount Paiko
* lesser established

18
Q

Slopes of Meliton PDO

A

Halkidiki, Macedonia (Aegean Coast)
* Mediterranean climate
* sandy loam, limestone. 100 - 350M
* one estate - Domaine Porto Carras

WHITES: Athiri (50%), Assyrtiko (35%), Roditis (15%)
REDS: Cab Sauv + Lemnio, max 30% Cab Franc

1st PDO to allow foreign grapes (PDO Messenikola followed 12 years later)

19
Q

Epanomi
- most important producer

A

Area PGI, Macedonia - home to Evangelos Gerovassiliou (known for Malagousia)

20
Q

Mount Athos

A

Area PGI, Macedonia
* easternmost peninsula of Halkidiki
* fruit is divided between the monk’s Mylopotamos and Tsantali
* Cab Sauv, Grenache, Assyrtiko, Athiri, Limnio, Chardonnay, Xinomavro, and Roditis

Vineyard is owned by the monasteries - no women allowed in the vines

21
Q

Drama

A

area PGI in Macedonia; borders Thrace and Bulgaria
* no coastal vineyards - continental climate

22
Q

Siatista

A

PGI in Macedonia
Traditional passito-style sweet wine from dried Xinomavro, Maschomavro

  • western Macedonia’s hinterlands. Diamentis Magoutes is from here.
23
Q

Moschomavro

A

The Pais of Macedonia? Widely grown red grape featured in 0 PDOs
- traditional sweet Siatista is made from dried Xinomavro + Moschomavro

24
Q

Thessaly PDOs

A
  1. Rapsani (Xinomavro, etc)
  2. Anchialos (dry to semi-sweet Roditis/Savatiano)
  3. Messenikola (Mavro Messenikola-based dry reds)
25
Q

Rapsani - lay of the land, grapes, styles, major producer

A

PDO in Thessaly; SE-facing slope of Mt. Olympus. 150 to 800M. Mediterranean - high humidity. Best comes from elevation.

  • DRY REDS: Xinomavro (principal), Krassato, Stavroto

Tsantali vinifies 95% of fruit, though owns no vineyards.
** Greece’s smallest PDO and the only to feature Xinomavro outside of Macedonia.

26
Q

Rapsani PDO grapes?

A

Xinomavro (principal), Krassato, Stavroto
(only non-Macedonian PDO to feature Xinomavro)

27
Q

Messenikola - grapes, styles

A

Thessaly; 2nd Greek PDO to feature international varieties (w Slopes of Meliton)

DRY REDS ONLY: Mavro Messenikola + max 30% Syrah and/or Carignan

Lake Plastira, gravel-rich clays up to 750M

28
Q

Anchialos - grapes, styles, location

A

PDO; Thessaly
* Min. 80% Roditis, max 20% Savatiano
* dry to semi sweet

29
Q

PDO for Xinomavro

A
  1. Amynteo
  2. Naoussa
  3. Rapsani (w Stavroto, Krassato)
  4. Goumenissa (w min. 20% Negoska)
30
Q

Zitsa

A

PDO; Epirus - limestone-rich plateau near the center of the Ionnina PGI. 500 - 700M
* WHITE/SPARKLING (dry, semi-dry): 100% Debina
** tank or traditional method
* Pindos Mtns, Ionian Sea to the west moderate cool continental climate

31
Q

PGI Metsovo

A

Epirus
* known for Cabernet Sauvignon; Bekari and Vlahiko are the other 2 red varieties of note

32
Q

Greek name for Central Greece? What style of wine is it known for?

A

Sterea Ellada
Retsina (thus, Savatiano and Roditis dominate here)

33
Q

Max RS (generally) for Greek PDO dry wine

A

max 4gl RS

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