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Continuing Studies > FR: Northern Rhône > Flashcards

FR: Northern Rhône Flashcards

1
Q

most planted AOP of the Northern Rhône? largest by volume?

A

1 Crozes-Hermitage, 2007 ha/ 81.3hl

(Vins Rhône, 2023)

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2
Q

Northern Rhône AC’s for STILL WHITES only

A

Chateau-Grillet
Condrieu
Coteaux de Die

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3
Q

Northern Rhône AC’s for sparkling

A

Saint-Peray
Clairette de Die
Crémant de Die

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4
Q

methode ancestral in the Northern Rhône

A

Clairette de Die
* don’t forget.. min 35gl RS, made from min 75% MPG + clairette. Blanc/Rosé

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5
Q

Northern Rhône climate

A

Continental
* avg 2070 sunshine hours
* 32in rain/yr

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6
Q

Côte-Rôtie communes

A

Ampuis
Saint-Cyr-sur-Rhône
Tupins-Semons

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7
Q

Côte-Rôtie encépagement/assemblage

A

Rouge: Syrah, max 20% Viognier

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8
Q

Côte-Rôtie: min. planting density, rendement de base?

A

6000 vines/hectare
40 hl/ha max

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9
Q

Original 3 communes of production in Condrieu?

A

Condrieu
Vérin
Saint-Michel-sur-Rhône

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10
Q

What 4 communes were incorporated into the expanded Condrieu AC? In what year?

A

Limony
Chavanay
Malleval
Saint-Pierre-de-Boeuf
(1967)

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11
Q

Condrieu size

A

About 200ha
(Vins Rhône, 2023)

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12
Q

Cornas AOP communes

A

Cornas

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13
Q

Cornas AC plantings

A

150ha

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14
Q

Coteaux de Die AOP -grapes/styles

A

100% Clairette
Blanc (only)

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15
Q

Crozes-Hermitage - grapes/styles

A

WHITE: Marsanne and/or Roussanne
RED: Syrah + max 15% Marsanne/Roussanne

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16
Q

How do the soils of Crozes-Hermitage differ from north to south?

A

North: granite, similar to Hermitage
South: alluvial soils of glacial origin

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17
Q

Chateau-Grillet
- ownership/other properties
- Condrieu/CDR bottles

A

F. Pinault since ‘11, purchased from Neyret-Gachet. 3.5ha monopole in Veyrin
* Condrieu: La Carthery
* Cotes du Rhone: Pontcin

Also owns:
Chateau Latour (Pauillac)
Clos de Tart (Morey-St-Denis)
Eisele Vineyard (Napa)
Domaine d’Eugenie (Vosne-Romanee)

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18
Q

Châtillon-en-Diois - grapes/styles

A

WHITE: Chardonnay and/or Aligote
ROSÉ/RED: min 60% Gamay + Pinot, Syrah

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19
Q

Hermitage AOP communes

A

Crozes-Hermitage
Tain l’Hermitage
Larnage

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20
Q

Hermitage AOP - grapes/styles

A

WHITE: Marsanne and/or Roussanne
RED: Min. 85% Syrah w Marsanne and/or Roussanne
VIN DE PAILLE: Marsanne and/or Roussanne

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21
Q

Hermitage Vin de Paille
- drying requirements
- min RS/sugar
- rendement de base

A

Marsanne and/or Roussanne
* grapes harvest @ 170gl must weight; dry minimum 45 days to 350gl must weight
* no specified RS. Min 12.5% acquired, min 19.5% potential ABV
* rendement de base = 15hl/ha (min 6000 vines/ha planting density)

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22
Q

Hermitage AOP soils

A

West: higher concentration of granite, defined by the Massif Central. Topsoils of mica, schist, gneiss

East: characterized by Alpine glacial deposits

The Rhone River forms a valley between the Massif Central and the Alps. It used to flow on the east of the hill, but changed direction.

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23
Q

Saint-Joseph - grapes/styles

A

WHITE: Marsanne and/or Roussanne
RED: min. 90% Syrah + Marsanne/Roussanne

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24
Q

Saint-Joseph soils

A

Granite - no schist, no glacial. Little sand and limestone.
- Granite is younger/looser in the north; older and harder in the south

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25
Q

Saint-Péray AOP grapes/styles

A
  • Marsanne and/or Roussanne
  • Blanc, Blanc Mousseux (min 12 months elevage from date of tirage, no lees stipulation)
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26
Q

Are there any communes authorized to produce Cotes du Rhone-Villages in the Northern Rhone?

A

No

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27
Q

The Cotes du Rhone AOP covers what 6 departments?

A

Ardèche, Drôme, Gard, Vaucluse, Rhône, Loire

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28
Q

local name for N. Rhone’s dry stone terraces

A

drystone walls = cheys
terraces they create = chaillées

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29
Q

Clairette de Die AOP - grapes, styles, RS

A
  1. Mousseux Blanc (Méthode Traditionnelle): Clairette
    * max 15gl RS, min 3.5 atm, 9m on lees
  2. Mousseux Blanc Méthode Ancestrale: min. 75% Muscat à Petits Grains plus Clairette
    * min. 35gl RS, min 3 atm, 4m on lees
  3. Mousseux Rosé Méthode Ancestrale: min. 75% Muscat à Petits Grains plus Clairette and Gamay (max. 10%)
    * min 35gl RS, min 3 atm, 4 mon on lees
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30
Q

Condrieu’s rendement de base

A

41 hl/ha (37 prior to 2011)

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31
Q

1st producer in Cornas to estate bottle?

A

Auguste Clape

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32
Q

Noel Verset

A

Cornas; 1st vintage 1943, last in 2006. Traditional - always blended lieux-dits.

  • Reynard –> Allemand
  • Sabarotte –> Clape, Courbis
  • Chaillot –> nephew Franck Balthazar
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33
Q

Thierry Allemand top bottlings

A
  1. Chaillot: a younger vine cuvee, made primarily from Chaillot but includes young vines from other holdings
  2. Reynard: 35 to 90yr old vines, including the plot purchased from Noel Verset
  3. Sans Soufre: 1998, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2011
    (usually from Reynard, labels just as Cornas)
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34
Q

August Clape winemaking style/ bottlings

A

Blended sites; Never de-stemmed. Ages 22 months in 6 to 12hl foudre

  1. Cornas
    oldest vines from top spots (Reynards, La Côte, Geynale, Tézier, Petite Côte, Les Mazards, Patou, Pied La Vigne, Chaillot, and Sabarotte)
  2. Le Vin des Amis, VDF: Syrah, fermented in cement and aged for 2 months in foudre before bottling. From a plot that sits between Cornas and the Rhone River
  3. Cotes du Rhone
  4. Rennaissance: young vine Cornas
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35
Q

Villages in both Condrieu / St Joseph

A

Chavanay
Malleval
Saint Pierre-de-Boeuf

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36
Q

Clos-Florentin

A

Jean-Louis Chave
Located in Mauves in St. Joseph
Acquired in 2009

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37
Q

max elevation of Hermitage hill

A

344M (tops out on western side)

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38
Q

Guigal’s La La’s

A
  1. La Mouline (1966): Cote Blonde, 89% Syrah + 11% Viognier
  2. La Landonne (1978): Brune, 100% Syrah
  3. La Turque (1985): Brune, 93% Syrah + 7% Viognier
  4. soon to be… La Reynarde

42M in 100% new French oak. Mouline and Turque are destemmed, Landonne is whole bunch

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39
Q

What is Guigal’s 4th “La La”

A

La Reynarde: named for stream between Cote Blonde, Cote Brune.
* Will be pure Syrah, est 2022 1st vintage. Avl from 2026 at the earliest

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40
Q

Arzelle

A

Sanded granite topsoil; term used in Condrieu and Cote Rotie hamlets Tupins & Semons
* poor quality, low nutrient, gives more floral, red fruit wines with softer tannic structure

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41
Q

Wood stake vine training system used in Cote Rotie?

A

Echelas

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42
Q

Les Grandes Places

A

top lieux-dit in Verenay, Cote Rotie
Jean-Michel Gerin, Clusel-Roch

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43
Q

La Viallière

A

Schist soils. Verenay, Cote Rotie

Single Vineyard labels:
- Jean-Michel Gerin
- Champet
- Rene Rostaing (some years)
- Clusel-Roch

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44
Q

GAEC

A

Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions is an EU term/program BUT
in France…
Groupement Agricole d’Exploitation en Commun: a model of group farming with pooled resources, land and capital

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45
Q

Single vineyard bottled La Landonne

A

Guigal
Rostaing
Delas
Jean-Michel Gerin

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46
Q

La Landonne soils

A

Schist, rich in iron oxide

47
Q

N. Rhone AC’s on the east bank

A

Hermitage and Crozes-Hermitage

48
Q

Mistral’s Northern Rhone name

A

La Bise

49
Q

knight at the top of Hermitage

A

Henri Gaspard de Stérimberg

50
Q

Name of hill before named Hermitage

A

Hill of St. Christopher
(Saint Christopher’s chapel still sits on top)

51
Q

Syrah parentage

A

Mondeuse Blanche x Dureza

52
Q

Luminescence
- producer
- vintages
- style

A

Guigal’s sweet Viognier. Condrieu AC
* 3 overripe vintages only: 1999, 2003, 2015

No botrytis. The 2015 was 14.8% ABV with 80g RS. It sold on release from K&L for $80/half bottle. It is sold as Condrieu AC.

53
Q

Viognier’s hero in Condrieu - top bottlings?

A

Georges Vernay
3 main bottlings:
- Les Terrasses de l’Empire
- Les Chaillees d’ Enfer
- Coteaux du Vernon ($250ish)

54
Q

Most planted white grape in the Northern Rhone

A

Marsanne
(Roussanne has the strongest hold in St-Joseph with 34% share of white plantings - but overall, in the Marsanne/Roussanne crus.. Marsanne has lion’s share of area)

55
Q

La Doriane

A

Guigal; Condrieu AC

56
Q

Stream between Cote Brune and Cote Blonde?

A

Reynard - also serves as a useful division between schist and granite terroir

57
Q

Stream that separates Cote Rotie from Condrieu?

A

Bassenon

58
Q

Cote Rotie soils

A

North: Schist with black and white mica, quartz. More iron, manganese

South: Granite increases. Layers of gneiss. Pale brown, sandy loose texture

59
Q

Cote Rotie’s “other” Syrah

A

Sérine: ancient, pre-clonal variety of Syrah found in and around Cote Rotie
* smaller berried, more aromatic, lower yields, suited to high density plantings. Syrah’s adaptation to Cote Rotie’s vineyards?
* Levet, Villard are proponents. S. Ogier has a bottling dedicated to it

60
Q

Top lieux-dit in Condrieu

A

Vernon
Chery
Colombier
Clos Bouche
Cote Bonnette
Cote Chatillon

61
Q

Gore

A

pinkish sanded granite with quartz in it

[Beaujolais, Condrieu, Cornas, St-Joseph, Cotes Roannaise]

62
Q

Domaine Jamet

A

Ampuis
- La Landonne (2018)
- Condrieu “Vernillon”: Cote Chatillon + Vernon (2015)
- Cote Brune
* Fructus Voluptus/early drinking wines are de-stemmed; staunch whole cluster advocate

63
Q

Les Bessards

A

Top lieux-dit in Hermitage
* S-facing; Grands and Petits Bessards
* granite AF
Delas’ main vyd, foundation for Chave Hermitage, 1/4 of Jaboulet La Chapelle

64
Q

Le Méal

A

top lieux-dit in Hermitage, behind Les Bessards
* core of Jaboulet’s La Chapelle, important to Chave’s Hermitage

65
Q

L’Ermite
- producer/variety
- location
- soils

A

Chapoutier; single parcel bottling of Marsanne

Chapel of St. Christopher sits at the top
* top lieux dit, Hermitage: soils are a meeting point of Massif Central granite + glacial/Alpine deposits where the Rhone washed away the hill

66
Q

Chapoutier’s top Hermitage Blanc parcel selections

A

L’Ermite (Marsanne)
La Meal (Marsanne)
De L’Oree (Marsanne; Les Murets)

67
Q

Hermitage’s “Big Three” lieux-dit

A

L’Ermite
Les Bessards
Les Meal

68
Q

Les Greffeaux

A

Hermitage top lieux-dit

69
Q

JL Chave
- location
- top wine
- style

A

Mauves; produce Hermitage, St-Jo
* Ermitage Cuvee Cathelin: barrel selection from top vintages
* blend sites, no single vineyards

Bessards makes up the heart of the regular Hermitage. 10 - 33% new oak. Reds are de-stemmed.

70
Q

Chave Hermitage Blanc
- lieux dits
- blend

A

l’Ermite (Marsanne)
Péléat (Marsanne)
Rocoules (Marsanne, Roussanne)
Maison Blanche (Marsanne)
* typically 85% Marsanne + Roussanne

71
Q

Ermitage Cuvee Cathelin

A

Chave’s barrel selection, done just before bottling. Only in top vintages and only when it doesn’t compromise quality of the regular blend.

1990, 1991, 1995, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2009, 2010, and 2015

72
Q

Domaine René Rostaing

A

Ampuis, Cote Rotie
- no new oak; uses stems
- Ampodium (blend), Cote Blonde, La Landonne every year
- Cote Brune, La Viailliere in some years

73
Q

Chapoutier top Hermitage Rouge selections parcellaire

A

Le Pavillon (Bessards)
Les Meal
L’Ermite
Les Greffieux

Remember: Based in Tain l’Hermitage; world’s 1st Braille wine labels

74
Q

Top Cornas lieux-dits

A

Les Chaillots
Les Renards
Les Mazards
La Côte
Geynale

75
Q

Condrieu name origin

A

Coin de rieux = corner of streams
* for the 3 small streams/rivers running through the town… Bassenon, Arbuel, Le Vernon

76
Q

“original” Saint-Joseph villages

A
  1. Mauves
  2. Tournon
  3. Saint-Jean-de-Muzols
  4. Vion
  5. Glun
  6. Lemps
77
Q

Best area of production in Saint-Joseph + top lieux-dits

A

SOUTHERN ZONE
Historic crus of the region are in the valleys perpendicular to the Rhone; the slopes between Mauves, Lemps & Saint-Jean-de-Muzols. Granite, gneiss soils

  • Les Chalaix
  • Les Oliviers
  • La Dardouille
  • Saint-Joseph
  • Sainte-Épine
  • Bachasson
78
Q

Raymond Trollat

A

Saint-Joseph’s legend, Saint Jean de Muzols
Retired in 2006
* ultra traditional. Whole cluster, large foudre
* Gonon owns his vines, releases a “Vieilles Vignes” bottling from those vines in some years

79
Q

Saint-Joseph orientation

A

East-facing aspect
* Hermitage faces south
* Cote Rotie mostly SE
* Cornas also faces east… but has historically been warmer so pre-climate change this was less challenging

80
Q

Jaboulet
-top wine/lieux dits

A

Hermitage based
Top wine = La Chapelle
(Bessards, Meal, Rocoules, Greffieux)

81
Q

Cornas soils

A

Massif Central Granite - the most granitic of N. Rhône terroirs
* limestone in the north, more sand in the SW

82
Q

Cornas name origin

A

Celtic for “burnt land”

83
Q

Cornas lay of the land/climate

A

120 - 400M; steep slope + a plateau with many valleys, aspects, microclimates within.
* steep S-facing slopes let vines soak in the sun while sheltered from northern winds. The Mistral doesn’t have as much effect here
* southern position = a degree warmer than Cote Rotie

Warmth factors: 1) steep slopes 2) shelter from wind 3) southerly position 4) heat retaining granite

84
Q

Defining feature of Saint-Peray

A

Montagne de Crussol: huge hill of limestone

85
Q

Historical “core” villages of Crozes-Hermitage

A

Gervans
Mercurol
Crozes

86
Q

Crozes-Hermitage soils/lay of the land

A

North (Gervans, Mercurol, Crozes): granite covered in loess. Steep, terraced, in the face of the Mistral

South/SE (The Chassis): flat alluvial terraces

87
Q

Crozes-Hermitage river

A

Rhône River (east bank) + Isere River (S/SE)

88
Q

Brézème

A

S-facing slope on the east bank of the River Ouveze (diff than the S. Rhone Ouveze)
* like a miniature Hermitage - but instead granite
* prices rivaled Hermitage in the 15th century
* Cotes du Rhone but they seem to tolerate its name on the label

89
Q

Comte Rhodaniennes

A

massive IGP, covers 9 departments
*follows the path of the Rhone River

90
Q

Worst Northern Rhone vintages 2000 to 2010

A

2002: BAD. Disrupted flowering, Horrid summer with rotten, unripe grapes. White wines fared better.

2008: cool grey season. Too much rain. Not as bad as 02.

91
Q

Best Northern Rhone vintages 2000 - 2010

A

2010 is the standout. Reduced crop, long season - Oct harvest. Concentrated, ageable.

2001, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2009 were all on the better side

92
Q

Worst Northern Rhone vintages since 2010

A

2013: cool, rainy. Up to 40% loss. Bad for red, excellent for white.
2014: cool, wet. Good whtie wine vintage.
2021: frost, mildew, hail, big summer rains, more mildew, harvest storms. WORST. Trash for both red/white.

93
Q

Best Northern Rhone vintages since 2010

A

2010, 2015, 2019 = BEST

2010: 5 * for red/white.
2015: Guigal said best in 55 years
2018: abundant yields
2019: Chave’s 1st VDP in 10 years

Good back-to-back: 2015 to 2020 was a solid stretch
(2016 saw some hail, 2017 was not as great for whites - yields down 50% in Condrieu)

94
Q

Name for the conical harvest baskets worn as a backpack

A

Beneau

95
Q

Name for the straw mat used in Vin de Paille production

A

Claie

96
Q

Gore

A

Weathered granite that has broken down from hard rock form to crumbly rock and sandy particles - term used in Cornas

97
Q

Grés

A

Sandstone

98
Q

Kaolin in the Northern Rhone

A

White clay; found in Crozes-Hermitage around Larnage in the northern area. Unusual for the Northern Rhone.

99
Q

Meaning of En Vrac

A

Goods transported in bulk. Wines that have not been bottled before being moved around

100
Q

Cote Blonde
- location & soils
- 3 producers

A

S-facing, located south of Ampuis. Part of the greater Massif Central, thus granite terroir. Soft topsoils, more Viognier in the ground.

  • Michel & Stephane Ogier La Cote-Blonde ($500ish)
  • Rostaing ($250)
  • Georges Vernay “Blonde du Seigneur” ($99ish)
  • Guigal La Mouline ($550)
101
Q

Cote Brune
- location & soils
- slope º
- 3 producers

A

Ampuis - faces due south.
- Schist, rich in iron, manganese (like Brunate, Moulin-a-Vent)
- 65º slope

Julien Barge ($100ish)
Dom. Jamet ($450ish)
Guigal’s La Turque, La Landonne ($550ish)

102
Q

Cote Rozier

A

Cote Rotie Lieux-dit
- SE-facing; schist soils
- Ogier’s “Belle Hellene”, Yves Gangloff, Christopher & Patrick Bonnefond

103
Q

Cote Rotie Lieux-dit - name 3

A

La Landonne
Chavaroche
Cote Rozier
La Viallière
Les Grandes Places
Cote Blonde, Cote Brune

104
Q

Gentaz-Dervieux

A

Cote Rotie OG; Marius took over in 1965, retired in 1993
- Rostaing got the vines; main holding in Cote Brune

105
Q

Les Grandes Places

A

Verenay, Cote Rotie
- Rocky, windy, SE-facing, schist

Domaine Pichat
Clusel Roch (rock, not rosh)
Jean-Michel Gerin

106
Q

Name for ancient 600BC era Cote Rotie wines

A

Picatum - flavored with pitch or resin

107
Q

Name 3 Condrieu Lieux-dits

A
  • Coteaux du Vernon (George Vernay)
  • Les Chatillon (Xavier Gerard)
  • Chéry (Andre Perret)
  • Chanson (Andre Perret)
  • Cote Bonnette
  • Les Eyguets (Jean-Michel Gerin)
108
Q

Name 3 lieux-dits in St- Joseph

A
  1. Les Oliviers
  2. Les Chalaix
  3. Saint-Joseph
  4. Bachasson
  5. Sainte-Epine
109
Q

Cornas elevation range

A

120 - 400M

110
Q

Name 3 Cornas Lieux-dit

A

Reynard
Chaillot
La Côte
Les Mazards
Le Pigeonnier
La Geynale
Champelrose

111
Q

Montagne de Crussol - where, what is it?

A

Saint-Peray
- huge limestone hill, reaching up to 400M

112
Q

Largest landowner in Hermitage AC

A

Chapoutier, 34 hectares

113
Q

Name 3 Hermitage lieux-dit

A

Les Bessards
L’Ermite
Les Grandes Vignes
Le Meal
L’Ermite
Les Greffeaux

114
Q

White dominant Hermitage Lieux-dit - name 3

A
  • Les Roucoules
  • Les Murets
  • La Croix
  • l’Homme
  • Chante Alouette (namesake of Chapoutier bottling)

*all Marsanne dominant; Roussanne is minor in every lieu dit - only 12% of white plantings in whole AC

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