PT: South (not Madeira) Flashcards
3 DOPs closest to Lisboa? Shelter?
Bucelas, Carcavelos, Colares
*all threatened by urban sprawl
* only Bucelas has shelter from Atlantic by Serra Montejunto
Bucelas DOP
- location/gegraphic features
- grapes/styles
Lisboa; Tagus River estuary. Est 1911
* Arinto is the star variety, still and sparkling
* Tagus River, Atlantic, & Serra Montejunto
are the big moderating influences - Serra saves it from the Atlantic’s winds
[Still/ Sparkling White
* min 75% Arinto (Perdernã) + Sercial (Escagna Cao), Rabo de Ovelha]
Colares DOP
- location
- climate
- soils/grapes
LISBOA - vineyards by the Atlantic
- TERRAIN: flat, coastal - whipped by salty Atlantic winds.
- CLIMATE: Mediterranean climate with unabridged Atlantic influence. Sandy soils and reed fences mitigate influence.
- GRAPES: Ramisco on chão de Areia (sand), Castelao on chão rijo (clay). Some Malvasia.
- SOILS: chão de Areia (sand), chão rijo (clay). The sand soils feature a layer of clay underneath which anchor the vine, retain water, and provide nutrients
[Sandy soils, ungrafted vines. Ramisco is possibly the only vitis vinifera variety to have never experienced grafting. For new plantings: sand is dug away down to the clay/chao rijo layer. Vine is planted. Sand is gradually replaced - surface is level by the time the vine is ready to reproduce.]
Carcavelos DOP grapes
Branco: min. 75% Galego Dorado, Arinto, Ratinho
Tinto: min. 75% Castelão, Negra mole
(Fortified)
Alenquer DOP
Lisboa
*sheltered by Serra de Montejunto from Atlantic extremes
*REDS: Aragonez, Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franco. Arinto and other whites, but reds are the thing
Arruda DOP
Lisboa
* uninterrupted Atlantic influence (serra Montejunto doesn’t save it). Not great
Lourinhã DOP
Aguardiente
*this is the only appellation dedicated to brandy outside of France
Óbidos DOP
Lisboa
*unabridged Atlantic influence. Cool, windy, not great for Viti
* sparkling wine production is key
If Lourinha is Cognac, this is Champagne
4 designations recognized as traditional Vinhos Generosos with Portugal’s 1908 Região Demarcada?
- Carcavelos
- Port
- Moscatel de Setubal
- Madeira
The 4 OG’s
Óbidos DOP
Lisboa; neighbors Lourinha
Cool windy damp & known for sparkling wines.
- The DOP authorizes branco, rosado and tinto but these styles are challenging to make here. The Atlantic influence is extreme.
Vinhos abafado
Sweetening agent: a partially fermented must preserved with alcohol - used to adjust sweetness in a Vino Licoroso
Setúbal DOP
Vino Licoroso - branco, tinto: min 67% mpg/mpa and Roxo
Varietal vino licoroso: min 85% MPG/MPA or min 85% Moscatel Roxo
(Short answer: vino licoroso based on mpg/mpa and for tinto.. Roxo)
*one of PT’s 1st demarcation - 1908
JM da Fonseca is the most important producer
Setubal Peninsula - mountain range, river estuaries
Arrabida Mountains
Sado, Tagus Rivers
Moscatel de Setúbal - what biotype
Muscat of Alexandria
Palmela DOP
Setubal Peninsula, Portugal
* overlaps Setubal fortified DOP
* lower lying sandy area + clay, limestone slopes of Arrabida Mountains
* TINTO: 66.7% Castelao - peak PT expression
* whites, sparkling, vino licoroso as well but not important
* JM Fonseca’s Periquita label is the famous rendition
Palhete
Portuguese term for co-fermented or blended red/whites grapes
* petroleiro = another term, seems to be used in Alentejo
Vinho de Talha
- region
- materials
- opening date
Alentejo = only DOP to regulate use of term on label. Most closely associated with this region.
*Clay pot winemaking: ferments, ages in pots. Sealed with beeswax and/or olive oil
- Tradition to open on November 11th - St Martin’s Day
unlike quevri, open via a tap at the bottom so the wine is basically decanted/filtered through the lees
Traditional day to open Alentejo Vino de Talha
November 11
St Martin’s Day
Most important subzone of Alentejo DOP?
Portalegre: northernmost sector; cool granitic slopes of São Mamede Mountains
Mountains that protect part of Lisboa area from Atlantic influence
Serra Montejunto
Alentejo DOP’s most planted variety?
Trincadeira
Alentejo DOP grapes + styles
WHITES/ROSE/RED/SPARKLING/FORTIFIED
- 80% RED: Alfrocheiro, Alicante Bouschet, Castelão Touriga Nacional, Trincadeira, Cab S, Syrah
- WHITES: Antao Vaz, Roupeiro, Arinto, Fernão Pires, Gouveio
Alentejo climate
Continental: relatively flat; no physical barriers, humidity from ocean minimizes Atlantic influence
* low rainfall
* hot, dry summers. Irrigation is allowed.
Southernmost Portugal IGP
Algarve
* REDS: Castelão, Tinta Negra Mole
* WHITES: Arinto and Síria
most important Azores DOP
Pico DOP - fortified whites
* conditions are “too Atlantic” for any viti to be super great here
Roupeiro
Portuguese white
* cornerstone of Alentejo’s white blends; presence in the Douro - known as Codega
* drought tolerant, retains acidity, moderately vigorous
Often blended with Antao Vaz, Arinto
Antao Vaz
Portuguese white
*Alentejo is the key region; some in Lisboa and Setubal
* thick skinned, drought resistant, adds structure to blends, can handle oak aging
* vigorous, high yielding
Arinto
Portuguese white
* key to: Bucelas, Vinho Verde
* important but less dominant in… Alentejo (blending component - freshness/acidity), Douro, Tejo
Tempranillo in Portugal
Aragonez (Alentejo), Tinta Roriz (Douro, Dão)
* heat tolerant, early ripening
Trincadeira
Key to: Alentejo (leading variety, most planted)
Also in: Douro (Tinta Amarela)
* drought resistant, heat tolerant, acid/tannin structure
* unreliable yields, rot prone, rigorous
Castelão
Portuguese workhorse red
* Key to: Setubal Peninsula, Tejo, Alentejo
* widely planted.. Palmela DOP is its peak expression
* productive, reliable, adaptable
* vigorous, high yields, early ripening
**Periquita
Afrocheiro
Key to: Dão
*smaller plantings in Bairrada, Douro, Alentejo
