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Alsace Flashcards

1
Q

Grand Ést

A

Alsace + Lorraine + Champagne
(2016)

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2
Q

Alsace departments

A
  1. Haut-Rhin (2/3 of GC’s are here)
  2. Bas-Rhin
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3
Q

Alsace climate

A

Semi-continental
* 1800 sunshine hrs/yr (1349 in growing season = regular ripening)
* Vosges Mtn rain shadow: 22.9in rain/yr

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4
Q

Alsace soils

A
  • Mountain slopes: schist, granite, volcanics
  • Lower slopes: limestone base
  • Plains: rich alluvial + gravels
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5
Q

Alsace noble grapes

A

Pinot Gris
Gewurztraminer
Riesling
Muscat (MPG, MPA, Ottonel)

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6
Q

grés de Vosges

A

pink sandstone

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7
Q

% rule for varietally labelled Alsace

A

100%
[Riesling, PG, Gewurz, Muscat, PB/Auxerrois, Chasselas, PN]

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8
Q

Alsace “Pinot”

A

Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, Auxerrois, and/or Pinot Noir (vinified white)
* can also be called Klevner

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9
Q

Alsace synonym for Chasselas

A

Gutedel

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10
Q

Max. RS for Alsace wines

A

2008 on…
* Riesling: max 6gl (if chaptalized), max 9gl (if TA > 6gl), max 12gl (if TA <6gl). NOT for lieux dit, VT, SGN
* Rosé: max 4gl
* Rouge: max 2gl

No minimums or maximums for non-Riesling whites, SGN, VT etc

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11
Q

Last vintage for “Tokay d’Alsace”

A

2007

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12
Q

Savagnin Rose in Alsace

A

Klevener de Heiligenstein
1) Heiligenstein
2) Bourgheim
3) Obernai
4) Gertwiller
5) Goxwiller
(these are all in the Bas-Rhin)

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13
Q

Min. must weights for Alsace SGN

A
  • Muscat, Riesling: 276 g/l
    (16.4% potential)
  • Gewurz, Pinot Gris: 306 g/l
    (18.2% potential)

(VT is 244 and 270)

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14
Q

Min. must weights + potential alc for Alsace VT

A
  • Muscat, Riesling: 244 gl
    (14.5% potential)
  • Gewurz, Pinot Gris: 270 gl
    (16 % potential)
    (SGN is 276, 306)
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15
Q

Cremant d’Alsace grapes

A

FIVE Total:
1. Pinot Blanc (workhorse variety)
2. Riesling
3. Pinot Gris
4. Chardonnay
5. Pinot Noir

ROSÉ = Pinot Noir ONLY

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16
Q

Cremant d’Alsace Rosé

A

100% Pinot Noir
Maceration, Saignee

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17
Q

Cremant d’Alsace aging & min. atmospheric pressure

A

min. 4 atmosphere
min. 9 months on lees, 12 total

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18
Q

Permitted vine training methods in Alsace?

A

Single or double guyot

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19
Q

Cremant d’Alsace producers

A
  • Wolfberger (6 to 7 million bottles per year)
  • Lucien Albrecht
  • Dopff & Irion
  • Albert Mann
  • Pierre Sparr
  • Joseph Cattin
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20
Q

Cremant d’Alsace production size

A

45 million bottles (2022)
- 1/4 of the region’s full output
- more 1/2 of all French Cremant

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21
Q

How many Alsace Grand Cru? Most recent one?

A

51
Kaefferkopf, 2007

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22
Q

Edelzwicker

A

Vin d’Alsace AOP “noble mixture”
* may/may not be vintage dated
* no varietal requirements, but are in practice blends
* co-ferment or vinified then blended

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23
Q

Gentil d’Alsace

A
  • Min. 50% Riesling, PG, Muscat, Gewurz
  • max. 49% Sylvaner, Chasselas, Pinot Blanc
  • must vinify each grape separately
  • vintage dated

official charter pending

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24
Q

Smallest Alsace Grand Cru? Largest?

A

Kanzlerberg (Bergheim, 3.2ha)
Schlossberg (Kientzheim, 80.3ha)

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25
Q

1st Alsace Grand Cru & when?

A

Schlossberg in 1975,
24 followed in 1983,
then 25 more in 1992,
last one in 2007 (Kaefferkopf)

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26
Q

Alsace Grand Cru for Sylvaner

A

Zotzenberg

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27
Q

Alsace Grand Cru for Pinot Noir

A

Hengst
Kirchberg de Barr
* 2022 on

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28
Q

Chardonnay in Alsace

A

Permitted ONLY in Cremant d’Alsace AC

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29
Q

What year did Alsace became an AC?

A

1962

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30
Q

Alsatian Grand Cru blends

A

Kaefferkopf
[60-80% Gew, 10-40% Riesling, max. 30% Pinot Gris, max. 10% Muscat]

Altenberg de Bergheim
[50-70% Riesling, 10-25% Pinot Gris, 10-25% Gewurztraminer, max. 10% combined Chasselas, Muscat à Petits Grains, Muscat Ottonel, Pinot Noir, and Pinot Blanc]

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31
Q

When did the Cremant d’Alsace AC go live?

A

1976

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32
Q

Vin d’Alsace AC subzones for Sylvaner

A

Blienschwiller, Côtes de Barr

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33
Q

Côte de Rouffach

A

Vin d’Alsace subzone
* Gewurztraminer, Riesling, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir

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34
Q

Vin d’Alsace subzones for Pinot Noir

A

Ottrott
Rodern
Saint Hippolyte

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35
Q

Vin d’Alsace subzones for Riesling

A

Scherwiller, Wolxheim

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36
Q

Vin d’Alsace subzone for Gewurztraminer

37
Q

Earliest release for Alsace VT/SGN wines

A

June 1 of 2nd year after harvest

38
Q

Years to remember for Alsace Grand Cru

A

1975: Schlossberg is the 1st
1983: more grand cru
2011: Grand Cru moves from Chablis-like single AC to “Cote d’Or model” with 51 separate ACs

39
Q

Required packaging for Vin d’Alsace wines

A

Flûte d’Alsace

40
Q

Which of Alsace’s Grand Cru mandate the highest minimum planting density?

A

Altenberg de Bergheim - 5500 vs the regular 4500
* only one that differs

41
Q

Which of Alsace’s Grand Cru mandates the highest minimum must weights/ABV?

A

Altenberg de Bergheim (the only one, actually)
* 185g/l for Riesling, 218g/l for Gewurz/Pinot Gris

ABV: 12% for Riesling, 14% for Pinot Gris and Gewurztraminer

(The regular appellation requires 168 and 193, respectively)

42
Q

Altenberg de Bergheim grapes/styles

A

VARIETAL: Riesling, Gewurz, PG

BLEND (added 2001):
* 50-70% Riesling
* 10-25% Pinot Gris
* 10-25% Gewurz
* max 10% Chasselas etc

(only GC to allow any amount of Pinot Noir in any way prior to 2022)

43
Q

Altenberg de Bergheim producers

A

Marcel Deiss
Gustave Lorentz
Sylvie Spielmann

44
Q

Altenberg de Bergheim soil

A

limestone covered in red calcareous clay.. significant amount of gypsum

45
Q

Grand Cru Brand
- soils
- producers

A

Turckheim; Brand = fire
* granite soils. S/SE aspect at the mouth of the Vallee de Munster
* Albert Boxler, Josmeyer, Zind-Humbrecht, Kuntz-Bas

46
Q

Min. potential ABV For Alsace Grand Cru

A

Riesling, Muscat: 11%
Gewurz, PG: 12.5%
Pinot: 12.5% in Hengst, 12% iin Kirchberg

(Vin d’Alsace: 10% abv for Riesling, 9.5% for Muscat, 11.5% for PG/Gewurz - EXTRA 1% if labeled by lieu dit; 9% for generic blanc)

47
Q

Marc d’Alsace
- grape
- RS
- still
- aging
- yield

A

Gewurztraminer
* min ABV 45%
* max RS 10 gl
* copper pot only
* min 3 months aging, no wood or coloring

4.5L - 7.5L of alcohol per 100kg of marc

48
Q

Kaefferkopf

A

Ammerschwihr
* VARIETAL: Gewurz, Riesling, PG
* BLEND: 60-80% Gewurztraminer, 10-40% Riesling, max. 30% Pinot Gris, max. 10% Muscat

Non-contiguous. 3 hillsides, 71ha. Granite area, limestone/sandstone areas

49
Q

Alsace’s Grand Crus that do NOT allow Muscat to be labelled varietally?

A

Zotzenberg (Mittelbergheim)
Altenberg (de Bergheim)
Kaefferkopf (Ammerschwihr)

50
Q

Why is thermovinifcation a commonly used technique in Alsace?

A

Botrytis + Pinot Noir
Botrytis develops an enzyme called laccase, that destroys color. The only way to rid of this enzyme is to heat the must to 70° C

51
Q

Cuvée Frédéric Emile

A

Trimbach; Riesling
(both Ribeauville)
* Geisberg GC - sandy soils
* Osterberg GC - limestone marl

52
Q

Clos des Capucins

A

Kaysersberg, Domaine Weinbach
* Pinot Gris
* sits at foot of GC Schlossberg

53
Q

Clos Ste Hune
- location
- 1st vintage
- VT vintages

A

Trimbach; Hunawihr
Grand Cru Rosacker
* Riesling, 1st vintage 1919
* limestone, SE exposure
* dry, no malo
* VT only in special vintages (1983, ‘89, ‘97, 2007)

54
Q

Hors Choix

A

special bottling of 1989 Clos Ste June
* Vendages Tardive

Hors Choix = out of choice

55
Q

Synonym for Pinot Blanc in Alsace

56
Q

Clos St-Urbain

A

Zind-Humbrecht; Rangen de Thann
- 1st vintage 1978
- S-facing, above Thur river overlooking Thann
- Volcanic, sandstone, low clay content
- 60% grade

Pinot Gris, Riesling, Gewurz (SGN, VT too)

57
Q

Grand Cru Rangen
- elevation, soils
- clos

A

Thann, Vieux-Thann
* 335 - 465M
* SOILS: volcanic rock high in magnesium, potassium, phosphorous, natural sulfur
* 2 Clos:
Clos St-Urbain (Zind-Humbrecht)
Clos St-Theobald (Schofitt)

particularly known for Gewurz, PG, Riesling. Good site for VT, SGN

58
Q

Largest owner of Alsace Grand Cru by hectare

A

Domaine Schlumberger

59
Q

Quintessence des Grains Nobles

A

Domaine Weinbach
* vineyard/varieties vary. Only best vintages

60
Q

Cuvee St-Catherine

A

Domaine Weinbach
* varying sites
* l’Inedit = unusual (botrytis)
* Riesling, Pinot Gris

Schlossberg, Furstentum, Mambourg, Mackrain or Clos des Capucins or Altenbourg - Riesling/PG

61
Q

Schlossberg Grand Cru producers

A

F E Trimbach
Domaine Weinbach
Marcel Deiss
Paul Blanck
Maurice Schoech
Meyer-fonne

62
Q

Grand Cru Schlossberg soil type

A

Granite, topsoils of granitic sand rich in potassium, magnesium and phosphorous

63
Q

Weisbach Valley Grand Cru’s

A

Schlossberg
Mambourg
Furstentum
Marckrain

*orientation differs from the rest that are in the Vosges foothills; these occupy an east-west valley

64
Q

Alsace “Grossi Laüe”

A

Hugel
Alsatian dialect meaning something akin to Grosses Gewachs or Grand Cru

65
Q

Zind-Humbrecht
- clos (4)
- grand cru (4)

A

Turckheim
* CLOS: Clos Hauserer, Clos Jebsal, Clos Windsbuhl, Clos St Urbain
* GC: Brand, Hengst, Rangen, Goldert

66
Q

Clos Jebsal

A

Zind-Humbrecht
* Pinot Gris
* Jebsal = gypsum; grey marl limestone
* Good SGN site: Trie Speciale (1994, 2002, 2005, 2007, 2010)

no GC

67
Q

Trimbach

A

Ribeauville, est 1626
* dry wines, proprietary names over GC labels (they do now bottle Mandelberg, Geisberg, Schlossberg GCs)
* Clos Ste Hune = top top

68
Q

Kirchberg de Barr

A

Barr; Bas-Rhin
* Pinot Noir since 2022
* Calcareous Marl

Clos Gaensbroennel (Willm)
Clos Zisser (Dom. Klipfel)

69
Q

Grand Cru Kanzlerberg

A

Bergheim
* Gustave Lorentz, Sylvie Spielman
* smallest grand cru @ 3.23ha

70
Q

Schillerwein (Vin d’Alsace)

A

varietal pinot noir rose

in Switzerland it refers to red/white blended rose

in Wurttemburg blended and co-fermented red/white

71
Q

Alsace styles that mandate hand-harvesting

A

VT
SGN
Grand Cru
PG or PN with ‘lieu dit’
(and Cremant d’Alsace AC)

72
Q

2 Lorraine AOPs

A

Cotes de Toul AOC - blanc (auxerrois + aubin), gris (gamay + pn), rouge (pn)

Moselle AOC - blanc (auxerrois, muller thurgau, pb), rose (gamay + pn), rouge (pn)

73
Q

Altenberg de Bergheim blend

A

Riesling (min 50%)
Gewurz (max 25%)
PG (max 25%)
Muscat etc (max 10%)

74
Q

Clos Rebgarten

A

Andlau; Marc Kreydenweiss
* GW, Muscat Ottonel - near to Moenchberg GC

75
Q

Alsace Grand Cru with GRANITE soils

A

Schlossberg
Sommerberg
Brand
Rangen
Kastelberg

Granite = acidic

76
Q

Alsace Grand Cru with LIMESTONE soils

A

Rosacker
Windsbuhl
Furstentum
Schoenenbourg
Mambourg

limestone = basic

77
Q

Northernmost GC

Southernmost GC in Bas Rhin

Northernmost GC Haut Rhin

Southernmost GC

A

Steinklotz - Marlenheim

Frankstein - Dambach la Ville

(Saint Hippolyte and Rodern are geo indications for reds only)

Praelatenberg - Orschwiller

Rangen - Thann

78
Q

Kirsch de Fougerolles

A

Cherry brandy (distilled pits intact) *bottled in a 70cl bottle called a “Bô”

79
Q

Yields in Alsace

A

Vin d’Alsace: 80 hl/ha
GC: 55 hl/ha
VT: 55 hl/ha
SGN: 40 hl/ha

80
Q

Intent to produce an Alsace Grand Cru must be declared by ___

81
Q

Most planted grapes in Alsace?

A
  1. Riesling (22%)
  2. Pinot Blanc (21%)
  3. Gewurztraminer (20%)
  4. Pinot Gris (15%)
  5. Sylvaner (10%)
82
Q

2005 change to Alsace Grand Cru’s

A

Varietal requirement is dropped - Marcel Deiss played a large role; this opened the door for Altenbourg de Bergheim blends

83
Q

Bas-Rhin Alsace producers

A

Marc Kreydenweiss (Andlau)
Dom. Bechtold (Dahlenheim)
Melanie Pfister (Dahlenheim)
Ostertag (Epfig)

84
Q

Best VT/SGN vintages for Alsace since 2010

A

2010
2012
2014**
2015**
2017
2019**

85
Q

Worst recent vintages for Alsace VT/SGN styles

A

2022
2021
2020

86
Q

Warmest recent vintage in Alsace?

A

2018 - heatwaves and dry!
Generous, ripe wines. Good vintage other than for VT/SGN

87
Q

Alsace vintage with highest yields?

A

2018 - warm, dry and without big weather events. Largest yield in decades.

88
Q

Lowest yielding Alsace vintage since 2010?

A

2021
- frost
- cold/rain
- mildew

up to 30-50% loss

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