FR: SW, Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence, Southwest Flashcards

Question

Coteaux Varois en Provence AC

Answer 1

2285ha - #2 planted Provence AC Blanc: Vermentino, Grenache Blanc, Clairette Rosé/Rouge: GSMC *Dom. de Triennes is here but labels as

Answer 2

Chateau Bunan

Answer 3

Jeremy Seysses x Aubert de Villaine (with Parisian Michel Macaux) *labels IGP Mediterranee *located in Coteaux Varois en Provence AC

Answer 4

Alpes-Maritime dept / Nice *48ha *Vermentino-based whites *min. 60% Braquet + Fuella Negra based reds and rosé

Answer 5

Only Provencal AC that allows varietal wine (for rosé and I think possibly red) *kind of an extension of Luberon AC Blanc: Grenache, Vermentino Rosé: GSC - can be varietal Red: Grenache, Syrah

Answer 6

Only AOP outside of BDX with classed *estates* - never revisited or revised - originally 25, now 18 - based on history, cellar reputation, winemaking, vyd quality - unlike BDX, new vyd land cannot carry classification Club des Crus Classés de Provence est 2000 w "charter of excellence" - 14 of 18 are members Ch. Minuty Ch. Ste Marguerite Ch. de Saint-Martin Clos Mireille (Dom. Ott) Ch. de la Selle (Dom. Ott) Clos Cibonne

Answer 7

1. Château Minuty (Gassin) 2. Château Sainte Marguerite (La Londe-les-Maures) 3. Clos Cibonne (Pradet) 4. Château de Saint-Martin (Taradeau) 5. Clos Mireille (La Londe-les-Maures, part of Domaine Ott) 6. Château de Selle (Taradeau, part of Domaine Ott)

Answer 8

Pierrevert Rosé is the only AC/Style that allows it All Provence AC's allow blanc, rosé, rouge as styles - nothing else. The rest require at least 2 varieties for all styles

Answer 9

Construction of the railways in 19th century

Answer 10

Fitou Maritime: coastal clay, limestone around saltwater lagoons Fitou Montagneux: 24km inland; schist. Pyrenees foothills *rosé, red blends based on Carignan and Grenache (min. 20% each; comb. for 60% total). ** Syrah is preferred blender in the Montagne; Mourvedre in vineyards closer to the sea *nested within the Corbieres AC

Answer 11

Blanc: Grenache Blanc, Marsanne, Roussanne, Macabeu, Vermentino Rosé/Rouge: Grenache, Lladoner Pelut, Mourvèdre, Syrah; plus Carignan Blanc/Rosé/Rouge Min 2 varieties for all styles

Answer 12

RED ONLY: Min. 70% comb Grenache, Mourvèdre, Carignan. none more than 80% [Carignan = 30 - 50% encepagement] **Carignan is a defining feature here. Must be hand-harvested.** Hot, dry, 100M. Sandstone, shale soils. Fontfroide hills block southerly winds/oceanic breezes.

Answer 13

Blanc: Bourboulenc, Grenache Blanc, Macabeu, Marsanne, Roussanne, and Vermentino Rosé/Rouge: min. 50% combined Grenache, Mourvèdre, Syrah, Cinsault and Carignan *blanc, rosé, rouge - min. 2 varieties Lies north of Corbieres at the foot of the Montagne Noire Massif

Answer 14

TERRAIN: foot of Massif Noire. Located in the Le Causse area of the larger Minervois AC - a high, flat area with poor, dry soils characterized by garrigue (limestone scrubland) RED ONLY: min 40% G/S/M/LP + Car/Cin (all must total 80%+) [former subzone of Minervois, est 1999. The soils and definitively unique climate zone known as Le Causse sets it apart]

Answer 15

Languedoc-Roussillon [Rhone meets BDX] Min. 40% combined Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot; min. 40% combined Grenache and Syrah (Rose, reds)

Answer 16

Languedoc-Roussillon [Rhone meets BDX] Cab Franc-based rosé Merlot-based reds

Answer 17

Languedoc R/R/W - all blends, min 2 varieties Subzones: Berlou, Roquebrun (reds only) Whites - GB, Mar, Rous, Verm Reds - G, S, M, Llad Pel

Answer 18

de-stemming

Answer 19

"improver varieties" ex: GSM in Languedoc to make Carignan more appealing

Answer 20

- WHERE: adjoining Saint-Chinian to the east. - TERRAIN: covers the S slopes of hills just a few miles inland. Schist slopes. - CLIMATE: classically Med. The hills block cold Massif Central influence. Even Mourvedre ripens here. White, Rosé, Reds - min. 2 varieties W: Roussanne-based + Gren, Mars, Vermentino R/R: min. 50% G/S/M/CIN/CAR Leon Barral

Answer 21

Pyrenees-foothills south of Carcassone, east of Corbieres. Higher, cooler and further from the Med. **W**: Chard, Mauzac, Chenin (must ferment in oak) **R**: 30 - 70% Merlot + G / S / Cot, CS, CF min. 3 varieties **Vin Mousseux** - Methode Ancestrale: 100% Mauzac - Blanquette de Limoux: traditional method - min. 90% Mauzac + Chard, Chenin

Answer 22

100% Mauzac *hand-harvested, no must enrichment *2 months on lees *min 3 bars *no tirage or dosage

Answer 23

* min. 90% Mauzac + Chenin, Chard *traditional method, min. 3.5 bars pressure, hand harvested, 9 months on lees *claims to be oldest intentionally sparkling wine in France

Answer 24

Blanc, Rosé 90% comb. Chardonnay (min. 50%) and Chenin Blanc (10-40%) plus max. 20% combined Mauzac and Pinot Noir (max. 15%) Traditional method, 3.5 bars min., 9 months on lees (counter to 100% Mauzac for PetNat and 90% Mauzac for Blanquette)

Answer 25

La Clape (2015) Terrasses-du-Larzac (2014)

Answer 26

1. Muscat de Frontignan: most planted/common, VDN or VDL (185g/l) 2. Muscat de Lunel 3. Muscat Saint-Jean-de-Minervois: highest VDN RS - 125 g/l 4. Muscat de Mireval **all 100% MPG *Lunel, Saint-Jean do Muscat de Noel (bottle by Dec 1) *all 110g/l RS except VDL and Saint-Jean

Answer 27

* Grenat = 100% Grenache Noir (reductive); age 1 year, bottled by June 30 of 2nd year * Ambré, Tuilé, Rosé can be varietal or any combo of: Grenache (Noir, Gris, and Blanc), Maccabéo, Tourbat, Muscat of Alexandria, and Muscat à Petits Grains * Ambre, Tuile = oxidative styles; age until March 1 of 3rd year after harvest * Hors d'Age = Sept 1 of 5th year * Rancio

Answer 28

min 45 g/l RS min 252 g/l must weight min 15% ABV (21.5% potential) 4000 vines/ha / 30hl/ha

Answer 29

Tuilé or Ambré styles only Ages until at least Sept 1 of 5th year after harvest

Answer 30

VDN Blanc, VDN Blanc Muscat de Noel * Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains + Muscat of Alexandria ONLY * min 100 g/l RS (vs 45 for the rest of Rivesaltes)

Answer 31

Rivesaltes is the birthplace *Arnaud de Villeneuve, 13th century physician, created mutage as a means of medicinal elixir-brewing

Answer 32

DRY REDS: 60 - 80% Grenache +Carignan, Syrah, Mourvedre VDN Grenat/Tuilé: varietal or majority Grenache VDN Blanc/Ambré: Grenache Blanc/Gris, Tourbat, Macabeu **Grenat/Blanc are reductive/vintage dated - earliest release May 1 of next year, bottled by June 30 of 2nd year ** Tuile/Ambre are oxidative -- age in glass until March 1 of 3rd year Hors d'Age (Sept 1 of 5th yr) Rancio *min. 45g/l RS, minn 15% ABV

Answer 33

Banyuls AOP

Answer 34

VDN Rouge + Hors d'Age, Rancio * Min. 75% Grenache + Grenache Blanc/Gris, Macabeu, MGP, MPA, Tourbat * min 45 g/l RS * 30 months in barrel, earliest release June 1 of 3rd year *hors d'age - Sept 1 of 5th yr [broadly resembles standard Banyuls; though regular Banyuls mandates 50% Grenache and the 30m in barrel requirement is the 2nd big distinguishing factor]

Answer 35

*VDN Blanc (vintage dated): Grenache Blanc/Gris, Macabeu, Tourbat *VDN Rimage (vintage dated): Grenache w max 10% accessories ^ earliest release May 1 of year after harvest w 3 months in bottle * VDN Ambre: Grenache Blanc/Gris, Macabeu, Tourbat * VDN Traditionnel: min. 50% Grenache + Grenache Gris ^March 1 of 3rd year for release Hors d'Age: Sept 1 of yr 5 Min 45 g/l RS/15% ABV for all

Answer 36

Grand Cru: * min 75% Grenache; Rouge only - Hors d'Age / Rancio * AGING: min 30 months in barrel - earliest release June 1 of 3rd year post harvest Hors d'Age also Sept 1 of 5th year RS, ABV, everything else looks similar. So basically - varietal choice, aging for VDN Rouge

Answer 37

Collioure AOP White, Rosé, Rouge

Answer 38

REDS only * the Villages: Caramany Latour-de-France Lesquerde Tautavel Les Aspres * GSM + Carignan All blends

Answer 39

Pays d’Oc IGP

Answer 40

WHITE & RED - blends * Bourbelenc-based whites, GSM-based reds * Limestone soils * elevated from subzone of Languedoc AC in 2015

Answer 41

Takes name from the 658M Pic St Loup mountain at center. Montagne de L'Hortus is a 1km-long limestone ridge. Mountainous topography - 18m inland from ocean. Variety of elevations/microclimates. **ROSÉ + ROUGE** * min 2 varieties * Min. 30% Syrah + Grenache, Mourvedre (and then accessories)

Answer 42

REDS only - min. 3 varieties, principals must make up 75% of blend * Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Carignan * elevated from Langeudoc AC subzone in 2014

Answer 43

VDN Blanc, Rose, Rouge, Rancio

Answer 44

WHITE ROSE RED - blends White: Sauv Blanc/Gris, Semillon, Muscadelle, Reds: Cab Sauv/Franc, Cot, Merlot *Dordogne River runs through *rosé max 10gl RS Cotes de Bergerac is this but with higher min. ABV

Answer 45

Monbazillac AOP Saussignac AOP Rosette AOP Haut-Montravel AOP Côtes de Montravel AOP

Answer 46

Bergerac (region) REDS ONLY - min. 3 varieties Merlot, Cab Sauv, Cab Franc, Cot

Answer 47

Blanc (min 45g RS) & SGN (min 85g RS) Principals: - Sauvignon Blanc - Sauvignon Gris - Muscadelle (loves the sandy soils) - Semillon *must account for 80% of blend *may be botrytised, must harvest in tries (accessories: Chenin, Odenc, Ugni Blanc)

Answer 48

Montravel: 16m from St. Em - on the Dordogne 1. Montravel AC = dry red blends with some Merlot, dry white blends with some proportion of Sauv Blanc/Gris/Semillon 2. Haut-Montravel AC = Botrytised, Semillon-based sweet wines. Sauternes-esque 3. Cotes de Montravel AC = late-harvest sweet wines w min. 30% Semillon

Answer 49

REDS ONLY Min. 70% Cot + Merlot, Tannat *along the Lot River (connects to Garonne) ** Only Cab Sauv/Franc-free SW AOP 2 growing areas: 1) Les Causses: limestone plateau; most powerful wines 2) gravelly slopes between plateau and Lot River = fruitier, more approachable wines [a **causse** is an occitan word for a limestone plateau. Les Causses are a series of limestone plateaus in the Massif Central]

Answer 50

Cot Auxerrois

Answer 51

Monbazillac Bergerac

Answer 52

REDS ONLY Min. 50% Tannat + plus Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Fer

Answer 53

1. De-stemming 2. barrel maturation 3. gentle pressing - avoid pip tannins 4. Micro-oxygenation - promotes tannin polymerization

Answer 54

- TERRAIN: transitional area between Pyrenees foothills and the Landes. Madiran lanscape is 5 large parralel ridges that run roughly N-S. Temperate climate with Atlantic and Pyrenees influence. - RIVER: Adour River - SOILS: Limestone-rich clays and silts - product of the Pyrenees, washed down by rivers Alain Brumont Chateau Bouscasse, Chateau Montus, Chateau Segondine, La Roche Brumont * La Tyre = top vineyard * Hero of Madiran

Answer 55

Madiran Chateau Bouscasse, Chateau Montus, Chateau Segondine, La Roche Brumont *La Tyre = top vineyard *Hero of Madiran

Answer 56

Patrick Ducurneau, 1991 in Madiran Purpose: control aeration of wine in tank Benefits: - during early fermentation, can build yeast population/help avoid stuck ferments - mimics barrel maturation. An efficient, cost effective alternative - stabilizes color - softens tannin - moderates green/vegetal character Cliquage: used for wine aging in barrel - mimics racking with a larger dose of oxygen at once

Answer 57

Madiran's dry/sweet white wine counterpart *Principal varieties: Courbu, Petit Courbu, Gros Manseng and Petit Manseng * min. 4g/l = Sec; min. 45 g/l RS for sweets & must harvest in tries

Answer 58

Principals: Gros Manseng (best for dry whites), Petite Manseng (best for sweet passerillage) Blanc Sec: max 4gl RS Blanc: min. 40gl RS VT: min 55gl RS [rolling landscape of the Pyrenees foothills. Soils are clayey with high stone content. Poudigne de Jurancon is a pebbly limestone mix often showing as a stony clay topsoil]

Answer 59

a dry wind that blows down from the upper slopes of mountainous regions

Answer 60

**WHITE** * Whites: Courbu, Petit Courbu, Gros Manseng, Petit Manseng [same as Jurancon, Bearn] **Rosé/Red**: * Cab Franc and/or Tannat-based reds. Rosé + Cab Sauv * Basque Country's answer to Madiran

Answer 61

Est. by Gauls in 1st cent BC * WHITES: Mauzac, Muscadelle, and Len de l’El * ROSÉ/RED: Duras, Fer, Syrah, and Prunelard *Rouge premier = 100% Gamay * Blanc Doux/Vin Mousseux/Methode Ancestral Methode Ancestral = Mauzac, Mauzac Noire. Starts in tank (variant of proper pet nat)

Answer 62

min. 90% Fer

Answer 63

Negrette-based red/rosé

Answer 64

"country of hay" * Upper Agly Valley - an unofficial subzone that takes in part of Maury and Cote-de-Roussillon villages Caramany, Lesquerde, Latour de France * hot dry, Tramontane-influenced * Carignan and Grenache territory on schist, granite, limestone - clay soils Had an IGP named for the area but it became Cotes Catalanes [**Mas Amiel is the big producer here (known for Maury VDN)](http://)