Unit 5 Lesson 7: Cellular Respiration and MAtter Flashcards
Where do animals get there enrgy
In animals, energy comes from the food they eat.
Wherre do palnts store energy
In plants, energy comes from the sugars stored within the tissues.
Where is enrgy stored in animals and how si the energy relased
Energy is stored within the chemical bonds of food molecules. This chemical energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.
What is cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is the process of combining food molecules with oxygen and using the chemical energy from these molecules to power all the activities that sustain life.
What do both animal and plant cells have
Remember that animal and plant cells both have cytoplasm and mitochondria.
What is Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is a thick solution, made up of water, salts and proteins, that fills each cell and is within the cell membrane.
What is mitochondria
The mitochondria are membrane bound organelle that make most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell.
Where does cellular respiration happen
Cellular respiration takes place in the cytoplasm and the mitochondria of each cell.
What does cellular respiration use and do
Cellular respiration uses matter from the food we eat and oxygen from the atmosphere to fuel our bodies.
What are the porducts of cellular respiration
The products of cellular respiration are water, carbon dioxide and energy stored as ATP, a molecule that stores energy in its bonds.
What is ATP
adenosine tri-phosphate; a molecule that carries energy inside cells; the energy currency of a cell
Where is ATP stored
ATP is stored in the mitochondria until it is needed by the cell.
There are many reactions and steps in the process of cellular respiration. The process can best be modeled with this equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy
In words, the equation says:
glucose + oxygen → water + carbon dioxide + energy
What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration
The reactants are oxygen and, in this case, a sugar called glucose that came from food. The products of the reaction are water, carbon dioxide, and energy.
How is enrgy ffrom food relased
Energy from food is released in small amounts in the form of ATP.
What usable energy is made during cellular respiration?
The energy made is ATP.
Draw a model for cellular respiration showing the inputs and outputs.
C6 H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy
What does 6H2O
represent in the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
It represents six water molecules.
What are calories
The energy stored in food is measured in units called calories
What does one calorie mean
One calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
What is a Calorie
A Calorie is the same as 1000 calories.
How can cells use molecles
Cells can use these types of molecules as fuel. Each type of molecule stores the calories in chemical bonds.
Do moleclues stores differnt numbers of claoreis?
Because each molecule has a different chemical structure, they store a different number of calories.
How many calories from one gram of glucose
For example, one gram of glucose releases about 4000 calories (4 Calories) of heat energy when it is burned.
Calaoreis relasied from one gram of chicken
One gram of chicken also releases about 4000 calories (4 Calories) of heat energy when burned.
Calories relased from one gram of butter
Fats have a higher amount of energy. One gram of fat (such as butter) releases about 9000 calories (9 Calories) of heat energy when burned.
A serving of chicken is about 113 grams and is mostly protein. How many Calories are in that serving of chicken?
Grams × Calories/gram = Calories 113 x 4 = 452 Calories
Which has more stored energy, a kilogram of butter or a kilogram of lean beef?
A kilogram of butter has more stored energy, at 9000 Calories than a kilogram of lean beef, at 4000 Calories, because fats have 9 Cal/gram and proteins have 4 Cal/gram.
