Unit 3 Lesson 6 Modeling Body Systems Flashcards
What does the digestive system do
The digestive system that breaks down food to release nutrients into the body so it can grow and repair itself.
There are two main types of digestion:
mechanical and chemical.
What is chemical digestion
Chemical digestion is the breakdown of food as a result of chemicals the body releases. There are a variety of chemicals in the body that help with this process.
What is mechanical digestion
. Mechanical digestion is any type of physical act related to breaking down food. This could include chewing, churning of the stomach, or absorbing nutrients.
organs and events of the digestive system; what is the function of the esophagus and is its a mechical or chemical function
connects mouth with stomach; mechanical
organs and events of the digestive system; what is the function of the mouth and is its a mechical or chemical function
receives food; chews food; releases enzymes to break down starch; both
organs and events of the digestive system; what is the function of the stomach and is its a mechical or chemical function
churns and physically breaks apart food; releases enzymes to digest food into nutrients; both
organs and events of the digestive system; what is the function of the small intestine and is its a mechical or chemical function
site of nutrient absorption; accessory organs release enzymes into this organ; both
organs and events of the digestive system; what is the function of the large intestine and is its a mechical or chemical function
site of water reabsorption; compaction of food waste; both
organs and events of the digestive system; what is the function of the anus and is its a mechical or chemical function
opening to outside environment; mechanical
organs and events of the digestive system; what is the function of the liver/gall bladder and is its a mechical or chemical function
accessory organs that produce/store bile for the digestion of lipids; chemical
organs and events of the digestive system; what is the function of the pancreas and is its a mechical or chemical function
accessory organ that produces trypsin for the digestion of protein; also produces chemicals that neutralize stomach acid to protect the small intestine; chemical
What happens in the mouth during the digestive system
The digestive system starts in the mouth where both mechanical and chemical digestion take place. The teeth and jaws chew the food (mechanical). At the same time, an enzyme in saliva, amylase, starts breaking down starch in the food and turning it into sugars (chemical).
What happens in the esophagus during the digestive system
After the food is completely chewed, it is swallowed. It passes through a short tube called the esophagus. The esophagus connects the mouth to the stomach. Swallowing starts a process called peristalsis
What is peristalsis
peristalsis, which is a series of muscle contractions that move food through the gastrointestinal tract independent of gravity. This means it can even work if an animal’s body were upside down.
What happens in the stomach during the digestive system
In the stomach, both mechanical and chemical digestion takes place for several hours. The stomach is very muscular and churns the food, mixing it with digestive enzymes and gastric acid. Enzymes help release nutrients such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates from the food.
What happens in the Small Intestines during the digestive system
After the food has gone through the stomach, it moves into the small intestine, where most chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients happen. Enzymes from the liver and pancreas enter into the small intestine to break down fats and proteins, respectively, even more. The small intestine has a lot of blood vessels. These blood vessels absorb the nutrients and carry them to the rest of the body.
What happens in the large intestines during the digestive system
The final stop in the digestive system is the large intestine. This tube is where excess water is reabsorbed by the body. Bacteria break down some of the indigestible material making compounds the body can use, such as K and B vitamins. Waste materials pass through the rectum and are removed from the body through an opening to the outside called the anus. The release of excess water is regulated by the urinary system.
How is the circulatory system and the digetice ststem connected
The circulatory system carries nutrients in the blood to the other parts of the body. The heart works as the pump to power this effort.
How is the nervous system and the digestive system related
The nervous system provides electrical signals to tell the muscles in the stomach when to contract for peristalsis to move the digested food along.
How are the respiratory system and digestive sytem realted
The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body, which is then transported to the organs where digestion is taking place. Cellular respiration needs that oxygen to produce energy to make the digestive organs function.
How are the urinary system and digestive system related
The urinary system takes the water that is reabsorbed by the large intestine and either cycles it back into the body or has it removed as urine.
How do both chemical and mechanical digestion occur in the mouth?
The mouth releases an enzyme called amylase to help with the digestion of carbohydrates. At the same time the teeth grind up the food so it can be more easily swallowed.
Which organs release enzymes into the small intestine that digest fats and proteins?
The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas release enzymes into the small intestine.
The movement of food through the digestive system is called
peristalsis
What structural feature of the stomach allows it to successfully digest food?
The stomach is a very muscular organ, and these muscles are used to break food apart into its smaller components. The stomach also has cells that release enzymes to aid in digestion.
