Unit 3 Lesson 5 Parts of a multicellular Organisim

Question 1

What are muticellular organisms

Answer 1

Organisms that are made of more than one cell are called multicellular.

Question 2

Give examples of muticellular organisms

Answer 2

Sponges, sea stars, crabs, giraffes, bullfrogs, earthworms, and the cheetah

Question 2

What are tissues

Answer 2

Cells with the same function connect together into structures called tissues

Question 3

What is an organ; give some examples as well

Answer 3

A collection of tissues that all work together for a specific function is called an organ. The stomach, liver, eyes, and brain are examples of organs.

Question 4

What are organ system

Answer 4

When a group of organs, each with different functions but a similar collective purpose, are connected, it is called an organ system.

Question 4

Not all multicellular organisms have all of these body systems. Give exmaple

Answer 4

For example, an octopus is a marine animal that has nervous, digestive, circulatory, and respiratory systems (among others), but lacks a skeletal system.

Question 5

Body systems in a multicellular organism can include the following:

Answer 5

• circulatory (transports oxygen and nutrients)
• digestive (obtains nutrients from food)
• immune (defends against disease)
• integumentary (provides protection and covers the body)
• lymphatic (aids in immunity and remove cellular waste)
• muscular (enables movement)
• nervous (receives and processes stimuli)
• reproductive (produce offspring)
• respiratory (exchanges gases)
• skeletal (provides support)

Question 6

What are invertebrates

Answer 6

Animals that do not have a spinal column (also called a vertebral column or backbone) are invertebrates, which means “not having vertebrae.” Examples of invertebrates are octopuses, crawfish, and flies.

Question 7

What is respiratory system

Answer 7

the organ system that exchanges gases between an organism’s internal and external environments

Question 8

Give examples of tissues

Answer 8

muscles and blood

Question 9

Who is Galen

Answer 9

Galen (130 AD–210 AD), the Greek physician, is one of the first people given credit for studying the human body. His research has led to many medical discoveries that have saved thousands of lives.

Question 10

Describe the The Circulatory System

Answer 10

The circulatory system is made up of a network of blood vessels that moves blood, containing nutrients and oxygen, around the body. There is also a muscular heart that acts as the pump to move blood through the vessels.

Question 11

Describe the digestive system

Answer 11

The digestive system is made up of a collection of organs that work together to break down food and release the nutrients contained within them. The food is broken down through a series of mechanical and chemical actions until it can be absorbed by cells of the digestive tract and used by cells to make biomolecules and energy.

Question 12

What is the process of the digestive system

Answer 12

The process of digestion starts from the tongue with which food is taken inside the mouth and with other important parts like salivary glands, oral cavity, and pharynx which break the food into a much lighter form. Salivary glands include the parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands. The food then passes through the esophagus before reaching the stomach. After the liver, the gallbladder, and pancreas play their part in the digestion and the food goes to the small intestine. From the small intestine the food goes to the large intestine. At the end, the food that cannot be digested anymore goes to the rectum and is removed from the body through the anus.

Question 13

What is the realtionship between the diaphragam and breating

Answer 13

When the diaphragm contracts, it expands the chest cavity, creating a vacuum within the chest cavity that pulls air into the lungs. When the diaphragm relaxes, the chest cavity shrinks and the lungs deflate, pushing air out of the lungs.

Question 14

What does the resiparty system allow the body to do

Answer 14

The respiratory system allows the body to bring in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

Question 15

Importance of oxygen for the body

Answer 15

Oxygen is necessary for the metabolic functions of every cell in the body, and carbon dioxide is a waste product of that process. If a body does not get enough oxygen, it cannot function properly. Muscles will not work well, digestion can be impaired, even the nervous system and brain are affected. Also, if carbon dioxide builds up in the body, it can be toxic and harmful.

Question 16

Which body system transports nutrients and oxygen around the body?

Answer 16

The body system that transports nutrients and oxygen around the body is the circulatory system.

Question 16

How does our tak in of oxygen change over time

Answer 16

The average number of breaths per minute decreases as we get older. Babies and children have smaller lungs, a faster heart rate, and a faster metabolism, meaning they need to breathe more often to get the proper amount of oxygen into their body.

Question 17

What would be the impact if an animal was having trouble with its respiratory system?

Answer 17

The animal would have trouble exchanging gases between its internal and external environments.

Question 18

What is the relationship between tissues, organs, and organ systems?

Answer 18

Tissues are a collection of cells that have the same function. Organs are a collection of tissues that collectively perform a specific function or functions. Organ systems are a collection of organs that have related functions.

Question 19

Why is an octopus considered a multicellular organism given the fact it lacks a skeletal system?

Answer 19

An octopus is a multicellular organism because it is made up of more than one cell. The octopus’s cells are specialized to perform particular functions. Having a skeletal system is not a requirement for being multicellular.

Question 20

Why do scientists use models when studying body systems?

Answer 20

Scientists use models to study body systems because multicellular animal body systems are very complex.

Question 21

How does a cheetah use its muscular system?

Answer 21

A cheetah uses its muscular system to run after and catch its prey.

Question 22

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 22

The diaphragm is a layer of muscular and connective tissue, that separates the chest from the abdomen, that is used to expand the chest cavity.

Question 23

Explain how the diaphragm helps with breathing.

Answer 23

When the diaphragm contracts it expands the chest cavity causing air to be pulled into the lungs. When the diaphragm relaxes, carbon dioxide is expelled.

Question 24

What is the pathway air takes into the body?

Answer 24

Air enters through the nose or mouth and goes into the trachea. It then passes through the bronchi into the lungs.

Question 25

One body system that is common among most multicellular organisms is the

Answer 25

nervous system.

Question 26

. In higher animals, such as bears, snakes, and humans, this system is controlled with an organ called the

Answer 26

brain

Question 27

What does the brain do

Answer 27

The brain processes signals it receives from the body and the environment and produces appropriate responses.

Question 28

Describe the function of the brian using example

Answer 28

For example, when a cheetah sees a gazelle on the African savanna, it runs after it. The cheetah’s brain receives the signals from its eyes. These signals travel to the part of the brain where visual signals are interpreted. The brain then sends signals to the cheetah’s muscles, telling them to start running.

Question 29

What muticellular orgnaisnm dont have brains

Answer 29

Some multicellular organisms, such as jellyfish and sea stars, do not have brains.

Question 30

How do muiltcellular organims with no brain function

Answer 30

they have structures called neural networks that receive stimuli and process information. These animals lack structures such as eyes and ears but still have specialized cells on their bodies that receive information from the environment.

Question 31

What is the advantage of a multicellular organism having a brain?

Answer 31

The advantage of having a brain is that there is one centralized location that processes signals the organism receives from the body and the environment and produces appropriate responses. Brains also tend to be more developed and process signals faster than neural networks.

Question 32

What are the two main branches of the nervous system?

Answer 32

The central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which consists of the cranial and spinal nerves.

Question 33

Identify the developmental structure from which the pons and medulla develop in the brain.

Answer 33

The pons and medulla develop from the hindbrain.

Question 34

While multicellular organisms have different ways to detect stimuli in their environments, they do not all do so with the same strength. This means that some organisms have highly sensitive organs that detect stimuli more than others (e.g. the nose of a dog). How could an animal with a reduced sense of hearing navigate its way through its environment and still be successful?

Answer 34

An organism with a reduced sense of hearing can compensate by having other senses take over. For example, the animal may have better eyesight or a better sense of smell. The animal might also be able to run very quickly. Each of these adaptations will help the animal to survive.