Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > Unit 4 Lab Exam > Flashcards

Unit 4 Lab Exam Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How do heterotrophs get carbon

A

from organic compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do autotrophs get carbon

A

CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are common carbon energy sources in this class

A

sugars–glucose or lactose
amino acids and peptides
organic acids, polyols, or alcohols–citrate, fatty acids, succinate or glycerol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What can supply nitrogen

A

amino acids, inorganic ammonium or nitrate salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can supply sulfur or phosphorus

A

inorganic salts such as magnesium sulfate or potassium phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define growth factor

A

specific organic compound that is required by a particular organism, as it cannot be synthesized by that organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Organisms termed ________ tend to require a variety of growth factors

A

fastidious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does a defined medium mean

A

the exact chemical composition of a culture medium is known

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does complex medium mean

A

the exact chemical composition is not known; and such a medium is often prepared from complex materials such as tissues or infusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define rich medium and our primary e.g.

A

when a medium contains an abundance of nutrients of all types; NB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Liquid media AKA ______ contain all the needed nutrients and is generally used to grow microbes through tubes and flasks

A

broth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the most common solidifying agent added to a liquid medium to become solid

A

agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the purpose of buffers

A

chemicals that are incorporated to maintain a favorable pH range of the medium during growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

E.g. of buffers

A

sodium and potassium phosphate
calcium carbonate
peptones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

extracts are used as a source of ______ _______

A

amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

peptones contain _______ and single __ ______

A

peptides; amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

e.g. of peptones

A

tryptose, tryptone, proteose peptone, peptone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

peptone solutions will support the growth of ______ organisms because of what

A

many; the source of amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define pH indicator

A

a pH indicator is often added to differential media to detect pH changes in the medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are e.g. of pH indicators

A

brom cresol purple, brom thymol blue, phenol red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What color will the indicators turn if it is acidic

A

yellow color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What color does neutral red turn at acidic pH

A

red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a reducing agent

A

certain chemicals may stimulate growth by reducing the oxidation-reduction potential in the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

e.g. of reducing agents

A

Cysteine and thioglycolate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is a selective agent

A

antimicrobial agens can be employed in selective media to suppress or inhibit the growth of certain groups of microbes while allowing growth of desired organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Do selective agents kill unwanted organisms?

A

no

27
Q

what is rich media

A

provides excess nutrients over the minimum require

28
Q

What is the use of rich media

A

used when microbe is fastidious or we want more rapid growth

29
Q

What is the use of defined media

A

physiological studies of organisms for determining the exact nutritional needs of an organism

30
Q

What is non selective medium

A

it doesn’t deliberately support the growth of one microbe over the other (allows many to grow)

31
Q

What is the use of non selective medium

A

growth of a wide variety of organisms

32
Q

What is the use of selective medium

A

isolation and growth of a specific culture type of microbe from a mixed culture

33
Q

What is all purpose medium

A

non-selective, supports a wide variety of organisms

34
Q

What is differential medium

A

contains ingredients that allow us to visually differentiate between different types of microbes

35
Q

What is the use of differential medium

A

visual identification of a type of microbe based on colony appearance

36
Q

What are e.g. of all purpose rich, complex medium

A

PCA, NA, Yeast extract tryptone glucose

37
Q

What is the difference between enrichment media and selective media

A

enrichment media are those that favor the growth of certain microbes
selective media supports the growth of desired organism while inhibiting the growth of many of the unwanted ones

38
Q

What are examples of selective media

A

MAC
nitrogen free broth
succinate broth
azide containing media

39
Q

What are the selective ingredients in MAC

A

bile salts and CV that inhibit most gram positive bacteria

40
Q

What are e.g. of differential media

A

MAC and EMB

41
Q

What type of growth will obligate aerobes have

A

growth at the top of the tube where there is oxygen

42
Q

What do obligate aerobes grow in

A

posses only a respiratory type of metabolism and use oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor

43
Q

Where will obligate anaerobes grow

A

at the bottom of test tubes

44
Q

What do obligate anaerobes need to grow

A

02 is toxic so they need to be away from it

45
Q

How to facultative anaerobes grow

A

prefer O2 but can grow without it

46
Q

how do aerotolerant anaerobes grow

A

prefer no O2 but can grow with it

47
Q

Where will anaerobic respirers grow

A

no growth at all in the tube

48
Q

If fermentation occurs in a neutral pH with the color purple to begin what color will it turn

A

yellow

49
Q

Are MAC and EMB sharing the following features

contain pH sensitive dye ingredients
inhibits the growth of gram negative bacteria
differential for glucose fermentation
contain peptone as a nitrogen source

A

T
F
F
T

50
Q

How does fermentation work

A

make ATP using only substrate level phosphorylation as a method

51
Q

Does fermentation produce large amounts of waste products

A

yes

52
Q

What is respiration

A

making ATP using the ETC and proton motive force

53
Q

What are the examples of selective media that help determine physiological characteristics

A

glucose fermentation
motility
Thioglycolate
EMB agar

54
Q

For MAC what ingredients are selective agents

A

bile salt and CV

55
Q

For MAC what ingredients are differential agents

A

neutral red and lactose

56
Q

What bacteria type is inhibited by the bile salts and CV in MAC

A

gram positive

57
Q

What color does MAC look when fermentation has occured

A

red

58
Q

How long can MAC be incubated for

A

24 hours

59
Q

Mobility has occurred when microbes can move ________ the line of inoculation

A

away

60
Q

Mobility can be seen when a tube has _________-

A

turbidity

61
Q

What type of bacteria does EMB agar detect and identify

A

enteric bacteric

62
Q

What does the Eosin Y and Methylene blue dyes inhibit

A

gram positive bacteria and dyes combined with lactose allow for differentiation between lactose fermenters and lactose non-fermenters

63
Q

With the NA agar, what did…look like

E. coli
P. fluorescens
S. epidermidis

A

milky color, irregular colony, undulate, smooth

yellow color, irregular colony, undulate, rought

white color, circular, entire edge, smooth

64
Q

What bacteria had no growth in the MAC

E. coli
P. fluorescens
S. epidermidis

A

S. epidermidis

Microbiology (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions