Chapter 7 up to examp 1

Question 1

Define adaptation

Answer 1

organism survives habitat through process of gradual adjustment of genetics, anatomy, and physiology

Question 2

E.g. of adaptation

Answer 2

antibiotic resistance

changing of seasons

viruses evolve new receptors

Question 3

Define nutrients

Answer 3

chemical compound organisms obtain from outside the cell in order to sustain life

Question 4

What is the makeup of E.coli

Answer 4

70% water
30% nutrition with most being protein

Question 5

% of carbon in E.col

Answer 5

50

Question 6

% of O in E.coli

Answer 6

20

Question 7

% of N in E. coli

Answer 7

14

Question 8

What is largely unavailable to most organisms

Answer 8

N2 gas

Question 9

T. erythreaum is a gram

Answer 9

negative filamentous photoautotrophic cyanobacteria

Question 10

Define phototroph

Answer 10

make energy from light

Question 11

Define chemotroph

Answer 11

make energy from chemical and organic substances

Question 12

Define lithotroph

Answer 12

make energy from inorganic substances

Question 13

Autotrophs use what are a carbon source

Answer 13

inorganic material

Question 14

Heterotrophes use what as a carbon source

Answer 14

organic material

Question 15

What molecules can easily pass through the phopholipid bilayer

Answer 15

nonpolar or small polar not charged molecules

Question 16

What can’t pass through the phospholipid bilayer easily

Answer 16

ions and large polar molecules

Question 17

Define passive transport

Answer 17

transport that does not require energy

Question 18

Define facilitated diffusion

Answer 18

use of transmembrane protein to allow substances to move down their concentration gradient

Question 19

What happens in hypotonic solution

Answer 19

cell enlarges and bursts

Question 20

What happen in hypertonic solutions

Answer 20

cell shrinks