Chapter 12 content Flashcards
Any chemical used in the treament, relief, or prophylaxis of a disease
chemotherapeutic drug
use of a drug to prevent potential for infection in a person at risk
prophylaxis
the use of chemotherapeutic drugs to control infection
antimicrobial chemotherapy
All inclusive term for any anticmicrobial drug, regardless of origin
antimicrobials
T/F are antimicrobials very specific for cellular target (one spot on one protein)
T
Substances procuded by natural metabolic processes of some microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms
anitbiotics
What do antibiotics treat
bacteria
Compounds or substances produced by a living organism
natural products
Antibiotics are typically produced by microbes to act against other microbes; this is a symbiotic relationship called
amensalism
association between organisms of two different species in which one inhibited or destroyed and the other is unaffected
amensalism
Who observes contaminating mold growth inhibits staphylococcal growth on a plate
Alexander Flemmin
Who observes contaminating mold growth inhibits staphylococcal growth on a plate
Alexander Flemming
What is the most prescribed antibiotic
penicillin G
Penicillin G:
What is the therapeutic category
beta-lactam antibiotics
Penicillin G:
dosage form
oral
What are Methicillin, oxacillin, ampicillin, and carbenicillin’s drug type
semisynthetic penicillins
What is the natural penicillin
benzylpenicillin G
Drugs that are chemically modified in the lab after being isolated from natural source
semisynthetic drug
Antimicrobial compounds synthesized entirely in the lab through chemical reactions
synthetic drugs
Antimicrobials effective against a limited array of microbial types; for example, a drug effective mainly for gram-positive bacteria
narrow spectrum
Antimicrobials effective against a widearray of microbial types; for example, a drug effective mainly for gram-positive and gram- negative bacteria
broad spectrum
What is the mechanism of action for penicillin
cell wall inhibitor
What is the job of beta lactams
inhibit transpeptidase
What is the job of transpeptidase
adds subunit to cell wall
What is the job of bactoperol
ferries subunits to exterior
how can microbes develop resistance to penicillin
alternative enzyme
drug inactivation
Glycan is the
cell wall
