Chapter 15 microbiology Flashcards
What immunity discriminates well between self and non self
adaptive
What immunity is enormously diverse
adaptive
Which immunity has the same response to each pathogen
innate
molecultes that are recognized by t cells or b cells
antigens
PAMP and antigens both do what
initiate immune response
recognized by receptors on leukocytes
What differs between PAMP and antigen
PAMP are part of innate immunity and on many pathogens
Antigens are part of adaptive immunity and have epitopes
What is the clonal selection theory stating
cell division and gene rearrangements form unique cell surface receptors that reside in the lymph node until antigen triggers it
In the clonal selection theory what happens to cell surface receptors that are recognized by self
they are eliminated
What will binding of antigen to a cell surface receptor trigger
clonal expansion and cytokines released to population
What are B cell clones called
plasma cells and memory b cells
What are MHC l receptors
recognize what is us and found on all cells but RBC
What are MHC ll receptors
found on APC’s and recognize antigen presenting cells
B cells have __________ on their surface
antibodies
When an antigen binds to the b cell end of antibody what does it trigger
b cell differentiation
antibody factories are _________ cells
plasma
long lived cells capable of quickly producing more effector cells in b cells are
memory b cells
B cells present the antigen on the surface of their cell, ___________–> induce further cytokine produciton and faciliate b cell differentiation
t cells recognize
serum of blood containing specific antibodies
antiserum
Primary response to antiserum
latent period
Secondary response to antiserum
no latent period and faster
What is the job of T helper cells
release cytokines
what is the job of killer T cells
destroy nearby cells
Unlike b cell receptors t cell receptors…
are small and not secreted
What are APC
dendritic cells
macrophages
b cells
What do t cells interact with
APC
What do CD8 t cells do
recognize MHC ll and antigen and target cell for destruction
What do CD4 helper t cellls do
trigger cytokine production
What do CD4 t memory cells do
store in lymph nodes and protect against future encounters with the same antigen
Where do b cell mature
bone marrow
A high number of _____ cells circulate blood while ____ cells have low number
b; t
acquired through the normal life experience
natural immunity
e.g. of natural active immunity
develop own immunity
e.g of passive active immunity
breast feeding
produced purposefully through medical procedures
artificail immunity
e.g. active artificial immunity
vaccine
vaccine that uses inactivated virus with antigen
killed vaccines
vaccine that uses live cells or viruses
attenuated vaccine
vaccine that uses portions of virus or pathogens
acellular vaccine
vaccine that uses portions of DNA
recomboniant vaccine
Why do we need boosters
new strains evolve
re stimulate our immune system
