Chapter 15 microbiology

Question 1

What immunity discriminates well between self and non self

Answer 1

adaptive

Question 2

What immunity is enormously diverse

Answer 2

adaptive

Question 3

Which immunity has the same response to each pathogen

Answer 3

innate

Question 4

molecultes that are recognized by t cells or b cells

Answer 4

antigens

Question 5

PAMP and antigens both do what

Answer 5

initiate immune response

recognized by receptors on leukocytes

Question 6

What differs between PAMP and antigen

Answer 6

PAMP are part of innate immunity and on many pathogens

Antigens are part of adaptive immunity and have epitopes

Question 7

What is the clonal selection theory stating

Answer 7

cell division and gene rearrangements form unique cell surface receptors that reside in the lymph node until antigen triggers it

Question 8

In the clonal selection theory what happens to cell surface receptors that are recognized by self

Answer 8

they are eliminated

Question 9

What will binding of antigen to a cell surface receptor trigger

Answer 9

clonal expansion and cytokines released to population

Question 10

What are B cell clones called

Answer 10

plasma cells and memory b cells

Question 11

What are MHC l receptors

Answer 11

recognize what is us and found on all cells but RBC

Question 12

What are MHC ll receptors

Answer 12

found on APC’s and recognize antigen presenting cells

Question 13

B cells have __________ on their surface

Answer 13

antibodies

Question 14

When an antigen binds to the b cell end of antibody what does it trigger

Answer 14

b cell differentiation

Question 15

antibody factories are _________ cells

Answer 15

plasma

Question 16

long lived cells capable of quickly producing more effector cells in b cells are

Answer 16

memory b cells

Question 17

B cells present the antigen on the surface of their cell, ___________–> induce further cytokine produciton and faciliate b cell differentiation

Answer 17

t cells recognize

Question 18

serum of blood containing specific antibodies

Answer 18

antiserum

Question 19

Primary response to antiserum

Answer 19

latent period

Question 20

Secondary response to antiserum

Answer 20

no latent period and faster

Question 21

What is the job of T helper cells

Answer 21

release cytokines

Question 22

what is the job of killer T cells

Answer 22

destroy nearby cells

Question 23

Unlike b cell receptors t cell receptors…

Answer 23

are small and not secreted

Question 24

What are APC

Answer 24

dendritic cells
macrophages
b cells

Question 25

What do t cells interact with

Answer 25

APC

Question 26

What do CD8 t cells do

Answer 26

recognize MHC ll and antigen and target cell for destruction

Question 27

What do CD4 helper t cellls do

Answer 27

trigger cytokine production

Question 28

What do CD4 t memory cells do

Answer 28

store in lymph nodes and protect against future encounters with the same antigen

Question 29

Where do b cell mature

Answer 29

bone marrow

Question 30

A high number of _____ cells circulate blood while ____ cells have low number

Answer 30

b; t

Question 31

acquired through the normal life experience

Answer 31

natural immunity

Question 32

e.g. of natural active immunity

Answer 32

develop own immunity

Question 33

e.g of passive active immunity

Answer 33

breast feeding

Question 34

produced purposefully through medical procedures

Answer 34

artificail immunity

Question 35

e.g. active artificial immunity

Answer 35

vaccine

Question 36

vaccine that uses inactivated virus with antigen

Answer 36

killed vaccines

Question 37

vaccine that uses live cells or viruses

Answer 37

attenuated vaccine

Question 38

vaccine that uses portions of virus or pathogens

Answer 38

acellular vaccine

Question 39

vaccine that uses portions of DNA

Answer 39

recomboniant vaccine

Question 40

Why do we need boosters

Answer 40

new strains evolve

re stimulate our immune system