Unit 3 - LAC3 - Reasons for Non-Adherence

Question 1

Definition of Cognitive Rational Non-Adherence

Answer 1

Non-adherence by patients is often deliberate and based on valid reasons, regardless of medical soundness.

Question 2

Rational Reasons for Non-Adherence

Answer 2

Uncertainty if the medicine is working.
Dislike of side effects.
Inability to afford treatment.
Inability to commit to the treatment plan.

Question 3

Study by Bulpitt et al (1988)- what was he investigating

Answer 3

Reviewed reasons why men with hypertension chose not to take medication.

Question 4

Findings of Bulpitt et al (1988)

Answer 4

8% stopped medication due to sexual problems.
15% stopped due to side effects.

Question 5

Financial Costs of Treatment and non adherence

Answer 5

Paying for prescription medication or treatment not covered by the NHS.
Private medical insurance increases adherence due to no cost implication.

Question 6

Spanish Study on Medication Costs

Answer 6

Older patients’ adherence declined for expensive drugs when they had to start paying in 2012.

Question 7

Rational Non-Adherence Conclusion

Answer 7

Patients think about their decision not to adhere and believe it is rational.

Question 8

Role of Health Professionals

Answer 8

Need to consider how they communicate with patients about treatment.

Question 9

Complexity of Treatment Plans

Answer 9

More complex treatment plans lead to lower adherence rates.

Question 10

Cramer et al (1989) Study findings

Answer 10

Adherence rates: 88% for one dose, 77% for two doses, 39% for three doses.

Question 11

Definition of Learned Helplessness

Answer 11

Occurs when someone repeatedly faces uncontrollable, stressful situations and does not exercise control when it becomes available.

Question 12

Example of Learned Helplessness (Abuse)

Answer 12

Victim of abuse does not leave due to learned helplessness.

Question 13

Example of Learned Helplessness (Stressful Job/Carer)

Answer 13

Individual does not take opportunities to better their situation due to learned helplessness.

Question 14

Impact of Learned Helplessness on Motivation

Answer 14

Belief in lack of control leads to loss of motivation.

Question 15

Decision-Making in Learned Helplessness

Answer 15

Individuals experiencing learned helplessness are less able to make decisions.

Question 16

Non-Adherence Due to Side Effects

Answer 16

Patients may stop medication if they do not like the side effects.

Question 17

Non-Adherence Due to Cost

Answer 17

Financial costs can lead to non-adherence.

Question 18

Non-Adherence Due to Complexity

Answer 18

More complex treatment plans result in lower adherence.

Question 19

Communication by Health Professionals

Answer 19

Importance of clear communication to ensure adherence.

Question 20

Impact of Financial Costs on Adherence

Answer 20

Higher costs lead to lower adherence rates.

Question 21

Role of Private Medical Insurance

Answer 21

Increases adherence due to lack of cost implications.

Question 22

Impact of Residential Treatment Costs

Answer 22

Financial burden of residential treatment can affect adherence.

Question 23

Rational Decision-Making in Non-Adherence

Answer 23

Patients believe their decision not to adhere is rational.

Question 24

Importance of Understanding Treatment Information

Answer 24

Lack of understanding can lead to non-adherence.

Question 25

Impact of Technical Language by Doctors

Answer 25

Technical language can cause difficulty in following treatment.

Question 26

Adherence Rates by Dosage Complexity

Answer 26

Higher adherence with simpler dosage schedules.

Question 27

Learned Helplessness and Control

Answer 27

Lack of control leads to learned helplessness.

Question 28

Learned Helplessness and Stressful Situations

Answer 28

Repeated exposure to stress leads to learned helplessness.

Question 29

Learned Helplessness and Decision-Making

Answer 29

Reduced ability to make decisions due to learned helplessness.