Unit 3 - LAB3 - Non-Physiological Addiction (GAMBLING) Flashcards
What does the cognitive approach suggest gambling addiction is based on?
Irrational and illogical thought processes
Why may an individual choose addictive behaviour over a healthier one?
Due to irrational expectation of outcomes
What do addicts weigh up before their addictive behaviour?
Pros and cons
How might a gambler perceive their life to be?
Boring
Name the theory which describes how an addictive behaviour is chosen over a healthier one?
Expectancy theory
Name a cost of gambling?
losing money
Name a benefit of gambling?
Winning money
What is meant by a cost-benefit analysis?
Weighing up the pros and cons of gambling
Give 1 example of an irrational thought for addicted gamblers
I will be more likely to win if I wear my lucky shirt
Define what is meant by gamblers fallacy
Believing that if something happens in a given period, it wont happen again in the future
How are addicted gamblers thinking biased?
favourable outcomes - always look for the positives
What does cognitive bias mean?
Gamblers thinking is biased towards favourable outcomes
How will the gambler view their losses?
Near wins
What does a ‘near win’ mean?
Thinking is biased towards favourable outcomes - look for positives
Despite losing all their money - why may a gambler feel differently?
The tension and excitement that comes close to that of winning
What does illusion of control mean?
When a gambler is led to believe that they have more control over the outcomes than they actually do
What does it mean when gamblers believe they have more control over their outcomes than they actually do?
Illusion of control
Why may some gamblers create gambling options out of things they are familiar with?
They feel they are more able to win because of special knowledge
Why might gamblers feel like they have ‘special’ knowledge of gambling
Gambling options out of things that people are familiar with
What is a a self-serving memory?
Gamblers focus on the positives of their experience only
What type of memory does a gambler have if they only focus on the positives of their experience
Self-serving memory
How does gambling start? What initiates it?
When the costs weigh in favour of gambling
Give one example of cognitive bias
- suggest they are likely to win OR
- Lead them to overestimate their winnings OR
- Make them underestimate their losses
Suggest that they are likely to win is an example of what?
Cognitive Bias for gamblers
Lead them to overestimate their winnings is an example of what?
Cognitive Bias for gamblers
Make them underestimate their losses is an example of what?
Cognitive Bias for gamblers
What might an example of superstitious beahaviour be for gamblers?
wearing lucky socks
Identify 1 strength of the cognitive approach to gambling
cognitive biases can be challenged during CBT sessions
Why is the cognitive approach to gambling reductionist?
It ignores all other causes of addiction, genetic predispositions
Why has the validity of the cognitive approach to gambling been questioned?
many people have irrational beliefs about gambling but don’t become addicted to it
According to the learning theory - how is gambling behaviour acquired?
through reinforcements and rewards
Which theory suggests that gambling behaviour is acquired through reinforcements and rewards?
Learning theory
How does social learning theory explain gambling behaviour
observing role models gambling and copying them
