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BTEC Applied Psych - STAFF > Unit 3 - LAB2 - Physiological Addiction (ALCOHOL) > Flashcards

Unit 3 - LAB2 - Physiological Addiction (ALCOHOL) Flashcards

1
Q

Which explanations do we use to explain alcohol addiction?

A

Cognitive and Learning explanations

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2
Q

What 3 behaviours does the cognitive approach say faulty cognitions are the cause for?

A

Initiation
Maintenance
Relapse

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3
Q

According to the cognitive approach, initiation, maintenance, and relapse are caused by what?

A

Faulty cognitions

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4
Q

As alcohol is a depressant, what negative feelings can it cause?

A

Depression

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5
Q

The self-medication model of the cognitive approach suggests people use alcohol to counteract what ?

A

Physical and psychological problems

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6
Q

Alcohol has a stimulating effect - true or false

A

False

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7
Q

Alcohol is what type of drug?

A

Depressant

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8
Q

According to the cognitive approach, what 3 causes can make someone INITIATE an alcohol addiction?

A

Trauma
Anxiety
Chronic pain

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9
Q

Why do people MAINTAIN an alcohol addiction according to the cognitive approach?

A

They assume it is helping to manage their problems

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10
Q

Which explanations do we use to explain alcohol addiction?

A

Cognitive and Learning explanations

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11
Q

As alcohol is a depressant, what feelings will it reduce?

A

Anxiety

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12
Q

As alcohol is a depressant, what negative feelings can it cause?

A

Depression

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13
Q

According to the cognitive approach, initiation, maintenance, and relapse are caused by what?

A

Faulty cognitions

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14
Q

Depression can be caused by alcohol because it is a …?

A

Depressant

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15
Q

Which type of locus of control is associated with relapsing?

A

External

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16
Q

Which type of locus of control is associated with AVOIDING relapse?

A

Internal

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17
Q

Anxiety can be reduced in the short term by alcohol because it is a …?

A

Depressant

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18
Q

What is meant by cognitive dissonance?

A

Conflict of competing beliefs

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19
Q

How can cognitive dissonance explain alcohol relapse?

A

Someone may WANT to stop drinking, but they may BELIEVE they can’t

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20
Q

What needs to be high in order to quit alcohol addiction, according to the cognitive approach?

A

Self-efficacy

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21
Q

According to the cognitive approach, what 3 causes can make someone INITIATE an alcohol addiction?

A

Trauma
Anxiety
Chronic pain

22
Q

What is meant by self-efficacy?

A

Belief in yourself

23
Q

Which type of locus of control is associated with AVOIDING relapse?

24
Q

Which type of locus of control is associated with AVOIDING relapse?

25
Q

Which type of locus of control is associated with relapsing?

26
Q

What is meant by cognitive dissonance?

A

Conflict of competing beliefs

27
Q

“Withdrawal symptoms cause feelings of __________ in someone trying to quit alcohol”

28
Q

What needs to be high in order to quit alcohol addiction, according to the cognitive approach?

A

Self-efficacy

29
Q

Which ideas from learning approach can be used to explain the initiation of an alcohol addiction?

A

Operant conditioning

30
Q

What is meant by operant conditioning?

A

Learning through consequence (reinforcements and punishments)

31
Q

What is meant by classical conditioning?

A

Learning through association

33
Q

What is meant by positive reinforcement?

A

Receiving a reward for an action / behaviour

34
Q

What is meant by negative reinforcement?

A

Performing a behaviour to AVOID a negative consequence

35
Q

WHAT AM I?

“Performing a behaviour to avoid a negative consequence”

A

Negative reinforcement

36
Q

WHAT AM I?

“Performing a behaviour to receive a reward”

A

Positive reinforcement

37
Q

WHAT AM I?

“Learning through consequences”

A

Operant conditioning

38
Q

WHAT AM I?

“Learning through associations”

A

Classical conditioning

39
Q

Positive and negative reinforcement are concepts from which type of conditioning?

A

Operant conditioning

40
Q

“Classical conditioning is learning through rewards”

True or false

41
Q

What positive reinforcement do alcoholics receive from drinking?

A

Positive feelings - dopamine reward pathway is activated

42
Q

What negative consequence do alcoholics AVOID by drinking alcohol?

A

High levels of stress and anxiety

43
Q

How can we use negative reinforcement to explain INITIATION of an alcohol addition?

A

They drink alcohol to AVOID high levels of stress and anxiety

44
Q

What type of conditioning can be used to explain MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

A

Operant conditioning

45
Q

What type of reinforcement can be used to explain MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

A

Negative reinforcement

46
Q

What 3 things do alcohol addicts AVOID by their MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

A
  • Stress and anxiety
  • Psychological withdrawal
  • Physiological withdrawal
47
Q

What 3 things do alcohol addicts AVOID by their MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

A
  • Stress and anxiety
  • Psychological withdrawal
  • Physiological withdrawal
48
Q

WHAT AM I?

“Performing a behaviour to avoid a negative consequence”

A

Negative reinforcement

49
Q

What concepts does the learning approach use to explain RELAPSE in an alcohol addict?

A

Operant and classical conditioning

50
Q

What do alcoholics AVOID by RELAPSING?

A

Withdrawal symptoms

51
Q

What may an someone ASSOCIATE with their alcohol addiction which may cause them to relapse?

A

People and places

52
Q

How can negative reinforcement be used to explain MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

A

Continue drinking to avoid physiological and psychological withdrawal symptoms

BTEC Applied Psych - STAFF (56 decks)

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