Unit 3 - LAA3 - Self-Efficacy Theory Flashcards
Who proposed “self-efficacy theory”
Bandura
What does self-efficacy theory explain?
Individuals belief in their own ability to change behaviour
Someone with high self efficacy will be confident in their ability to…
Change their behaviour and life events
Someone with low self efficacy will not be confident in their ability to…
Change their behaviour
Will someone with high self-efficacy have strong or weak confidence in their own ability?
Strong / High
What level of confidence will someone with low self-efficacy have?
Low / Weak
What are ‘mastery experiences’?
Experiences of completing a task successfully
How does failing a task affect self-efficacy?
It lowers it
How does achieving a task affect self-efficacy?
It raises it
Give an example of an achievable task you could give to someone trying to quit smoking to provide them with a ‘mastery experience’
Ask them not to smoke for 1 day
After a gambling addict has achieved a smaller ‘mastery experience’ (task), what could be done next?
Set a larger task
What would be an example of a larger task you could give to a smoking addict to provide them with a ‘mastery experience’?
No smoking for 1 month
What is meant by vicarious reinforcement?
When we see someone being punished/rewarded for a behaviour
How can vicarious reinforcement affect our self-efficacy?
If we see someone achieving a task it will increase our self-efficacy
What is meant by ‘identification’ in vicarious reinforcement?
Associating yourself with someone who is similar to you
How could the self-efficacy of a smoker be increased by vicarious reinforcement so they would quit?
Give them a ‘sponsor’ who has quit smoking
What is meant by social persuasion?
Encouragement from others
What type of social persuasion did Bandura focus on?
Verbal
Is social persuasion more or less influential on self-efficacy than mastery experiences?
Less
Is mastery experience more or less influential than social persuasion on self-efficacy?
More
What 3 emotional states reduce self-efficacy?
Stress
Anxiety
Fear
How could you raise the self-efficacy of an athlete by considering their emotional state?
Teach them relaxation techniques
Mastery experience, vicarious reinforcement, emotional state or social persuasion? How does it impact self-efficacy in each case?
Rom see’s his friend quitting smoking and feels confident to quit himself
Vicarious reinforcement – increases self-efficacy
*Mastery experience, vicarious reinforcement, emotional state or social persuasion? How does it impact self-efficacy in each case?
*
Lauren felt anxious when she went to the gym and became worried that she couldn’t keep up with her personal training session
Emotional state – decreases self-efficacy
Mastery experience, vicarious reinforcement, emotional state or social persuasion? How does it impact self-efficacy in each case?
Sandy attended alcoholics anonymous and found hearing other people’s stories and encouragement helped him to stop drinking
VR and social persuasion – increase self-efficacy
Mastery experience, vicarious reinforcement, emotional state or social persuasion? How does it impact self-efficacy in each case?
Roshni had quit smoking in the past so she is confident that she can overcome her shopping addiction
Mastery experience – increase self-efficacy
Mastery experience, vicarious reinforcement, emotional state or social persuasion? How does it impact self-efficacy in each case?
Louis had to learn to self-inject his medication from a young age, when he first tried he did it wrong and lost confidence in trying it again
Mastery experience – decreases self-efficacy
Mastery experience, vicarious reinforcement, emotional state or social persuasion? How does it impact self-efficacy in each case?
Nick saw that his favourite footballer had overcome gambling addiction so now he feels like he can too
Vicarious reinforcement – increases self-efficacy
Mastery experience, vicarious reinforcement, emotional state or social persuasion? How does it impact self-efficacy in each case?
Shaun was trying to quit smoking, his friend told him that he’d never be able to quit because he tried last year and couldn’t either.
Social persuasion (lack of) – decreases self-efficacy
Vicarious experience – decreases self-efficacy
Who proposed “self-efficacy theory”
Bandura
What are ‘mastery experiences’?
Experiences of completing a task successfully
Social persuasion is more influential on self-efficacy than mastery experiences.
True or false
False - mastery experiences are more influential
