Unit 3 - LAA1 - Defining Health, Ill Health, Stress and Addiction part 2 Flashcards
The Biomedical definition views ill health as a ….
A Disease
Who diagnoses ill-health?
Doctor (medical professional)
How are illnesses treated according to the biomedical model?
With physical methods e.g. drugs and surgery
The biopsychosocial model states ill health are the outcomes of ….
3 interacting factors
Give an example of biological characteristics from the biopsychosocial model
Genes/neurochemistry
Give an example of social characteristics from the biopsychosocial model
Family/Culture
Give an example of Psychological characteristics from the biopsychosocial model
Stress/Attitudes
From the biopsychosocial model- Treatment must take into account?
All factors - social, psychological and biological
One explanation of health is that it is on a ….
continuum
Health is on a scale from…
good health to very poor health
Health as a continuum is more complicated than saying a person is either…
healthy or unhealthy
Health as a continuum states there are 3 factors that impact health - name them.
Physical, psychological and social
A person must change their…. to improve their health on the continuum
behaviour/lifestyle
How can an individual with a chronic health condition improve their health?
Taking medication, eating well, sleeping well, if possible exercise
Define addiction:
Physiological and behavioural dependence on a substance
What addictions can we form?
Alcohol, nicotine, shopping, gambling
Alcohol & Nicotine are forms of what type of addiction?
Physiological
Gambling & Shopping are forms of what type of addiction?
Non-Physiological
Give examples of characteristics of addiction?
can’t stop thinking about substance
in denial over addiction
Feelings of sadness
Concealing the behaviour
Give examples of physical withdrawal
Sweating, feeling sick, shaking
Give examples of psychological withdrawal
Anxiety, irritable, moodiness
What is tolerance?
The need to take more of the addictive substance to feel the same effects
Name Griffith’s Six Components of Addiction
- Physical & Psychological Dependence
- Mood Alteration
- Tolerance
- Withdrawal
- Conflict
- Relapse
Define Stress
The body’s physiological and psychological response to a negative situation or event
How many working days are lost to work-related stress?
15.4 million a year
What % of working days lost to ill-health are due to stress & anxiety?
57%
What is meant by a stressor
A negative event or experience leading to high levels of stress/anxiety
What are meant be coping skills
Strategies used by an individual to manage stress levels/reduce stress levels
What is meant by ‘percieved ability to cope’
How much an individual feels they can deal/manage with their stress
What is meant by chronic stress
Periods of long-lasting persistent stress
The biomedical model is the oldest or newest explanation of health?
Oldest
The oldest model of health is…
The Biomedical Model
What reasons for ill-health does the biomedical model focus on?
Physical & Biological
Physical & Biological factors are the cause of ill-health according to which model?
Biomedical
Genes, chemicals and germs are caused of ill-health according to which model of health?
Biomedical
According to the biomedical model, if someone is ill due to a virus, what would be the appropriate treatment?
Vaccination/medication
What factors does the biomedical model ignore?
Social & economic
Social & economic factors are ignored by which model?
Biomedical
The biopsychosocial model is more holistic than the biomedical model - why is this?
It takes more than biology into account, as it looks at psychological & social factors
What is the difference between a behavioural addiction & physiological addiction
Behavioural = action like gambling
Physiological = substance like alcohol/nicotine
Nicotine addiction is an example of a
Physiological addiction
Gambling is a form of
behavioural addiction
Alcohol addiction is a form of
Physiological addiction
Name 2 characteristics of addiction
Issues with impulse control (can’t stop engaging in behaviour)
Denial of addiction
Feeling sadness and depression when they are not doing a behaviour or taking a substance is
a characteristic of addiction
A strong desire to smoke for an addict is known as a
Craving
If a person stops taking the substance they will enter
withdrawal
Give 2 examples of withdrawal
Sweating, feeling sick, shaking
If a person needs more and more of a drug to feel the same this is called
tolerance
Griffiths says there needs to be ____ features to characterise addiction
6
Name Griffith’s 6 features of addiction
Physical & Psychological dependence
Mood alteration
Tolerance
Withdrawal
Conflict
Relapse
Fill in the missing of the 6 features of Griffith’s model of addiction
Physical & psychological dependence
_________
Tolerance
Withdrawal
Conflict
Relapse
Mood Alteration
Fill in the missing of the 6 features of Griffith’s model of addiction
Physical & psychological dependence
Mood Alteration
Tolerance
Withdrawal
_________
Relapse
Conflict
Fill in the missing of the 6 features of Griffith’s model of addiction
Physical & psychological dependence
Mood Alteration
Tolerance
___________
Conflict
Relapse
Withdrawal
Why is the BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL model better than the BIOMEDICAL model?
Biopsychosocial takes into account more factors like psychological and social factors that cause Ill health
According to the biomedical model, if depression is caused by an imbalance of neurotransmitters - it should be treated by?
Anti-depressants/drug therapy
What would the biomedical model say depression is CAUSED by?
Imbalance in neurotransmitters
Withdrawal occurs when…
An individual stops taking the substance of engaging in the behaviour
