UG Development 4 Flashcards

Describe the embryological/anatomical basis of ectopic pregnancy, hypospadius, cystic structures around the testis or ovary, and fistulas/cysts/sinuses related to abnormal UG sinus development.

1
Q

What happens to the genital tubercle and labioscrotal folds in the male and female?

A
  • Male - genital tubercle becomes the penis and labioscrotal folds become the scrotum
  • Female - genital tubercle becomes the clitoris and labioscrotal folds become the labia majora
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2
Q

What are the origins of the penile urethra?

A
  • Ventral fusion of the phallic part of the UG sinus
    • invaginates in the ventral surface of genital tubercle
    • UG folds incorporated into ventral surface
  • Epithelial invagination of the tip of the penis
    • forms the navicular fossa
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3
Q

In the female what happens to the urogenital sinus and folds?

A
  • Lower UG sinus becomes:
    • urethra
    • vestibule
    • greater vestibular glands
    • paraurethral glands
  • Urogenital folds become the labia minora
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4
Q

What happens in hypospadius?

A
  • A condition in the newborn where the penile urethra is open to the ventral surface of the penis
  • Occurs if the two primordia of the penile urethra do not join
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5
Q

How do fistulas/cysts/sinuses form?

A
  • Improper division of the cloaca results in fistulas:
    • Female - between rectum and:
      • perineum
      • vestibule
      • vagina
    • Male - between rectum and:
      • perineum
      • urethra
      • bladder
  • Cysts, sinus, fistulas of the allantois if it fails to fully become the urachus
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6
Q

How do Gartner cysts form?

A
  • From the improper closure of the mesonephric ducts (Gartner ducts)
  • Paramesonephric duct cysts are the equivalent in males
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