Breast Physiology and Benign Diseases 4 Flashcards

1
Q

List the major complications of breastfeeding post-partum.

A
  • Mastitis
  • Breast abscess
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2
Q

What is mastitis and what are the risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment methods?

A
  • Pain and inflammation of the breast
  • —Affects 10% of all breastfeeding women
  • —Risk factors:
    • sore/cracked nipples
    • blocked milk ducts
    • —yeast infection of the breast
    • —infant mouth abnormalities
  • —Diagnosis:
    • clinical: unilateral breast pain and erythema, fever, malaise, body aches
    • culture only necessary of not responding to therapy
  • —Treatment
    • antibiotics
    • frequent feeding/pumping
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3
Q

What are breast abscesses and what is the diagnosis and treatment?

A
  • —Presents similarly to mastitis
    • firm area in the breast with fluctuance
  • —Diagnosis:
    • ultrasound
  • —Treatment:
    • surgical/needle drainage
    • antibiotic therapy
    • culture is useful to help direct antibiotic therapy
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4
Q

Differentiate the differences between benign and malignant nipple discharge.

A
  • Benign
    • bilateral
    • milky or green in color
    • multiductal
  • Malignant
    • unilateral
    • uniductal
    • spontaneous
    • clear, serous, or bloody
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5
Q

What are the common characteristics of cyclic mastalgia? What are the common treatments?

A
  • Breast pain and tenderness that occurs with menstrual cycle
  • Treatments:
    • reassurance
    • well-fitted bras
    • restrict caffeine, fat and salt intake
    • evening primrose oil 2000-3000 mg/day
    • NSAIDs
    • OCPs?
    • more severe symptoms:
      • danazol
      • tamoxifen
      • bromocriptine
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6
Q

What are some common extramammary sources of breast pain?

A
  • Costchondritis (Tietze syndrome)
    • Rx with NSAIDs
  • Mondor disease
    • superficial thrombophlebitis of the lateral thoracic vein
    • underlying cause may be found in about 50% with chance of underlying breast CA
    • Rx with NSAIDs
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