Breast Physiology and Benign Diseases 4 Flashcards
1
Q
List the major complications of breastfeeding post-partum.
A
- Mastitis
- Breast abscess
2
Q
What is mastitis and what are the risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment methods?
A
- Pain and inflammation of the breast
- Affects 10% of all breastfeeding women
-
Risk factors:
- sore/cracked nipples
- blocked milk ducts
- yeast infection of the breast
- infant mouth abnormalities
-
Diagnosis:
- clinical: unilateral breast pain and erythema, fever, malaise, body aches
- culture only necessary of not responding to therapy
-
Treatment
- antibiotics
- frequent feeding/pumping
3
Q
What are breast abscesses and what is the diagnosis and treatment?
A
-
Presents similarly to mastitis
- firm area in the breast with fluctuance
-
Diagnosis:
- ultrasound
-
Treatment:
- surgical/needle drainage
- antibiotic therapy
- culture is useful to help direct antibiotic therapy
4
Q
Differentiate the differences between benign and malignant nipple discharge.
A
-
Benign
- bilateral
- milky or green in color
- multiductal
-
Malignant
- unilateral
- uniductal
- spontaneous
- clear, serous, or bloody
5
Q
What are the common characteristics of cyclic mastalgia? What are the common treatments?
A
- Breast pain and tenderness that occurs with menstrual cycle
-
Treatments:
- reassurance
- well-fitted bras
- restrict caffeine, fat and salt intake
- evening primrose oil 2000-3000 mg/day
- NSAIDs
- OCPs?
-
more severe symptoms:
- danazol
- tamoxifen
- bromocriptine
6
Q
What are some common extramammary sources of breast pain?
A
-
Costchondritis (Tietze syndrome)
- Rx with NSAIDs
-
Mondor disease
- superficial thrombophlebitis of the lateral thoracic vein
- underlying cause may be found in about 50% with chance of underlying breast CA
- Rx with NSAIDs