Anatomy of the Perineum 1 Flashcards
Define the perineum, its boundaries, and identify the structures that traverse it.
1
Q
Define the perineum.
A
A diamond-shaped region at the pelvic outlet below the pelvic diaphragm, which contains the urogenital and anal canal openings
2
Q
What are the divisions of the perineum?
A
- Urogenital trianble (anterior)
- Anal triangle (posterior)
3
Q
What are the boundaries of the perineum?
A
- Pubic symphisis
- Ischial tuberosities
- Coccyx
- Superior extent is pelvic diaphragm
- Lateral walls are obturator internus and ischiopubic rami
4
Q
What are the boundaries and structures in the anal triangle?
A
- Same in both sexes
- Posterior to a line between the ischial tuberosities
- Contains the following:
- anus
- anorectal flexure
- anorectal “sling” of puborectalis
- anal sphincters
5
Q
Where is the ischio-anal fossa? What structures are found in this fossa?
A
- Lateral to anal sphincter and cone of pelvic diaphragm
-
Contains fat and pudendal canal (in obturator internus fascia)
- contains pudendal nerve and vessels
- Inferior rectal branches traverse fossa
- contains pudendal nerve and vessels
- Left and right fossae communicate posteriort