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* * * 1. NCE: MEDT, ANPH, PATH 1&2 > Trauma > Flashcards

Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

3 causes of trauma

A
  1. accidental2. self-inflicted3. violence
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2
Q

4 major types of trauma

A
  1. open2. assault3. thermal4. psychological
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3
Q

type of child abuse most commonly observed

A

physical abuse due to injuries

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4
Q

2 types of issues considered neglect

A
  1. not providing food or shelter2. leaving young children unattended
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5
Q

potential causes of child abuse/neglect

A
  1. emotional maturity of the abuser2. stress due to economic, social, or employment difficulties3. poor parenting skills4. history of abuse in the perpetrator5. unrealistic expectation of the child6. limitations of a physically or mentally challenged child
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6
Q

3 symptoms in combination that indicate a shaken infant syndrome (SIS) diagnosis

A
  1. subdural hematoma2. cerebral edema3. retinal hemorrhage
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7
Q

caused by repeated rapid shaking of an infant due to caregiver irritation

A

shaken infant syndrome (SIS)

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8
Q

shaken infant syndrome (SIS) can also be due to ____ and catching them

A

tossing a baby into the air

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9
Q

shaken infant syndrome (SIS) can also occur due to jostling a baby in a ____ as the caregiver jogs or runs

A

back pack

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10
Q

7 types of actions considered as elder abuse

A
  1. physical abuse2. self-neglect 3. verbal abuse4. psychological abuse5. abandonment6. violation of personal rights7. financial abuse
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11
Q

two forms of psychological or verbal use

A
  1. active 2. passive
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12
Q

psychological or verbal use is hard to diagnose because there is no ____ evidence

A

physical

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13
Q

4 contributing factors of intimate partner violence (IPV)

A
  1. stress2. alcohol3. cultural and societal values that make wives “property”4. expectation of submission
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14
Q

5 causes of sexual abuse

A
  1. domination2. control3. power issues4. history of sexual abuse in the perpetrator5. sociopathic approach to society and its norms
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15
Q

t or f: rape/sexual assault are crimes of violence and domination, not a sexual act

A

t

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16
Q

rape/sexual assault includes these

A
  1. date rape2. acquaintance rape3. spousal rape4. violent act by an unknown assailant
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17
Q

cause of an abrasion

A

friction

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18
Q

3 types of avulsion

A
  1. partial2. degloving injury3. amputation
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19
Q

avulsion where avulsed tissue is still partially attached

A

partial avulsion

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20
Q

avulsion where the full thickness of skin is peeled away from the body such as the hand or foot

A

degloving injury

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21
Q

avulsion where a limb or appendage is completely severed

A

amputation

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22
Q

usual cause of an avulsion

A

entanglement in machinery, clothing, or some other means of entrapment

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23
Q

body parts most often involved in crush injuries

A
  1. fingers2. hand3. toe4. foot
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24
Q

it is important that underlying structures and tissues are inspected thoroughly with a puncture wound because ____ is often ____

A

bleeding; minimal

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25
Q

silent STD that often has no symptoms and unknowingly sexually transmitted

A

chlamydia

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26
Q

in chlamydia, high percentage of ___ have no symptoms before dangerous complications start

A

women

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27
Q

infection of the genitourinary tract

A

gonorrhea

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28
Q

symptoms of gonorrhea in males

A

purulent discharge

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29
Q

symptoms of gonorrhea in females

A

purulent dischargedysuria

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30
Q

protozoal infection of lower genitourinary tract

A

trichomoniasis

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31
Q

trichomoniasis affects the ___ in women and ___ in men

A

vagina; urethra

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32
Q

incurable, recurrent infection of skin of genital area, with ulcerations spread by direct skin to skin contact causing painful genital sores

A

genital herpes

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33
Q

genital infection that causes raised cauliflower-like growths in or near the vagina, rectum or along the penis

A

condylomata acuminata/genital warts

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34
Q

chronic, systemic STD; presence of painless but highly contagious local lesions called chancre on the genitalia

A

syphilis

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35
Q

soft chancre

A

chancroid

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36
Q

bacterial infection of genitalia causing necrotizing ulceration and lymphadenopathy

A

chancroid

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37
Q

physical, psychological, sexual injury to a child

A

child abuse

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38
Q

considered a form of child abuse

A

neglect

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39
Q

signs of psychological abuse is evident in ___ of the child

A

actions

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40
Q

sexual abuse is discovered ___ when complaints by child of discomfort in genital region

A

collaterally

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41
Q

injuries incurred by infant who has been shaken forcibly enough to cause intracerebral bleeding with resulting closed head injury

A

shaken infant syndrome (SIS)

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42
Q

another term for shaken infant syndrome (SIS)

A

shaken baby syndrome (SBS)

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43
Q

intentional and systematic diminishment of another’s self worth or self esteem

A

psychological or verbal abuse

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44
Q

most frequent victims of psychological or verbal abuse

A

children

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45
Q

threatened or actual phsyical abuse; pattern of behavior where victim is repeatedly physically assaulted by partner

A

intimate partner violence (IPV)

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46
Q

3 other terms for intimate partner violence

A
  1. domestic abuse2. spousal abuse3. battered spouse syndrome
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47
Q

any form of nonconsensual sexual contact or activity

A

sexual abuse

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48
Q

intercourse forced on victim against his or her will

A

rape/sexual assault

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49
Q

outer layer of skin scraped away exposing deeper layer of skin

A

abrasions

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50
Q

4 other terms for abrasions

A
  1. friction burns2. floor burns3. rug burns4. road rash
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51
Q

portion of skin and possibly underlying tissue torn away either partially or completely

A

avulsion

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52
Q

occurs when part of body is compressed with extreme force between two surfaces

A

crushing injuries

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53
Q

4 most common body parts affected by crushing injuries

A
  1. fingers2. hands3. toes4. feet
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54
Q

result of pointed or sharp foreign body penetrating soft tissue

A

puncture wounds

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55
Q

t or f. puncture wounds usually cause pain and very little bleeding

A

t

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56
Q

foreign body which caused injury that is protruding out of the wound

A

puncture wounds

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57
Q

sharp object cuts skin and possibly underlying soft tissue

A

laceration

58
Q

laceration vs incision

A

laceration: jagged edgesincision: smooth edges

59
Q

anything entering a portion of body where it does not belong is considered ___

A

foreign body

60
Q

4 common bodies in ear

A
  1. bugs2. putting things in ear3. vegetative foreign bodies4. cotton from cotton swabs
61
Q

3 treatments for foreign bodies in ear

A
  1. forceps removal2. gentle sunctioning3. washing or syringing ear
62
Q

live bugs in ear may crawl out because of __

63
Q

objects in eye that would normally not be found in the eye

A

foreign bodies in eye

64
Q

treatment for foreign body in eye: gentle ___ with normal ___ to flush

A

irrigation; saline

65
Q

another treatment for foreign body in eye is ___ used when foreign body is embedded in eye

66
Q

any object or foreign material causing obstruction in nares

A

foreign bodies in nose

67
Q

children have tendency to insert foreign bodies in ___

68
Q

result of thermal insults to to tissue

69
Q

thermal insults can be caused by either ___ or ___ such as burns or frostbite

70
Q

burns are caused by exposure of skin to these 8 factors

A
  1. flame2. dry heat3. liquid scalds4. burns5. radiation6. chemicals7. sun8. electricity
71
Q

assessment tool used to quickly calculate the percent of skin surface area burned

A

rule of nines

72
Q

3 treatment options for burns

A
  1. surgically2. debridement3. skin grafts
73
Q

injury resulting from exposure to or contact with electricity

A

electrical shock

74
Q

major concern with electrical shock

A

development of cardiac dysrhythmias

75
Q

in electrical shock, the current follows this path through body

A

path of least resistance

76
Q

current usually follows along ___ routes

77
Q

injury occurring when individual is struck directly or indirectly (splash effect) by lightning

A

lightning injuries

78
Q

lightning can strike in these 5 different ways

A
  1. direct strike2. contact strike3. side flash4. stride potential5. ground current
79
Q

lightning strike directly by lightning discharge

A

direct strike

80
Q

lightning strikes object contacted, causing transfer of energy

A

contact strike

81
Q

lightning strikes object, travels a certain distance and “jumps” through the air and strikes person

A

side flash

82
Q

lightning strike current enters one leg and exits out the other

A

stride potential

83
Q

lightening hits ground and travels to person by way of ground

A

ground current

84
Q

when body temperature is much higher than normal body temp of 98.6 Fahrenheit

A

extreme heat

85
Q

extreme heat includes these 2 conditions

A
  1. heat exhaustion2. heat stroke
86
Q

another term for extreme heat

A

hyperthermia

87
Q

body’s heat regulating system is unable to cope with severe heat; more serious hyperthermia condition

A

heat stroke

88
Q

in heat stroke, the individual stops ____

89
Q

body temp in heat stroke

A

105 F or 40.5 C

90
Q

results from salt or water depletion; less serious hyperthermia condition but can progress if untreated

A

heat exhaustion

91
Q

generalized cooling of the body where core temp drops below 95F or 35C

A

extreme cold

92
Q

another term for extreme cold

A

hypothermia

93
Q

3 causes for hypothermia

A
  1. other cause2. cold water3. cold winds and environment
94
Q

frozen or extremely cold tissue, usually on face, ears fingers and toes

95
Q

frostbite causes affected skin to become ___

A

white or ashen

96
Q

person affected does not realize frostbite is happening due to ___ as tissue freezes

A

nerve loss

97
Q

never be done to treat frost bite

A

rubbing skin area

98
Q

patients with frostbite should never be given ___

99
Q

bite or sting from any insect or arthropod, which may involve injection of venom

A

insect bites

100
Q

3 types of insect bites that require immediate medical attention

A
  1. scorpions2. black widows3. brown recluse spider
101
Q

to treat insect bites, remove stinger by scraping across site of sting with ____ or ____

A

plastic card; fingernail

102
Q

use of forceps/tweezers to remove sting in insect bites may squeeze more ___ into site

103
Q

severe systemic infection that does not transmit from person to person

A

rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite

104
Q

rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite is more commonly called ___ in the US

A

rickettsial disease

105
Q

symptom of rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite

A

small hemorrhage appear under skin

106
Q

rash occuring in rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite

A

maculopapular rash

107
Q

rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite causative organism in bloodstream

A

Rickettsia Rickettsii

108
Q

Rickettsia Rickettsii gets into blood stream due to ____

A

prolonged wood tick bite

109
Q

malaria is a severe generalized infection caused by bite of ____ infected with ____

A

Anopheles mosquito; Plasmodium protozoa

110
Q

3 elements in the cycle of symptoms in malaria

A
  1. chills2. fever3. sweats
111
Q

symptoms of malaria last __ weeks

112
Q

antimalarial drug given orally

A

chloroquine

113
Q

source may be human, pet, wild animal

A

animal bites/human bites

114
Q

treat animal/human bites by ____ to remove bacteria and contaminations

A

cleanse wound

115
Q

animal/human bites may be treated by ___ surgery in some cases

A

plastic surgery

116
Q

animal bites are treated with ___ if not possible to determine whether animal is rabid

A

rabies injections

117
Q

penetrating tissue wound made by fangs or teeth of a snake

A

snakebites

118
Q

4 poisonous rattlesnakes

A
  1. rattlesnakes2. copperheads3. water moccasins4. coral snakes
119
Q

drug to treat snakebites

120
Q

when bitten by snake, ___ should not be applied

121
Q

when bitten by snake, would should not be ___

122
Q

when bitten by snake, ____ or ___ should not be applied

A

tourniquets; electrical shock

123
Q

entrapment and compression of median nerve in the carpal tunnel causing pain and numbness in wrist, hands and fingers

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

124
Q

2 diagnostic tests for carpal tunnel syndrome

A
  1. median nerve percussion2. phalen wrist flexor
125
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome test where examiner taps his/her finger along the inside of affected wrist

A

median nerve percussion test

126
Q

sign revealed in a median nerve percussion test

A

Tinel sign

127
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome test where patient presses backs of hands together to bend wrist as far down as possible without applying force

A

phalen wrist flexor test

128
Q

inflammatory condition of tissue at the distal portion of humerus

A

tennis elbow

129
Q

medical term for tennis elbow

A

lateral humeral epicondylitis

130
Q

5 treatment options for tennis elbow

A
  1. stop repetitive tasks2. rest3. wearing brace4. ice packs5. steroid injections
131
Q

drug family used to treat tennis elbow

132
Q

index finger has lump or know appearing on flexor tendon

A

trigger finger

133
Q

medical term for trigger finger

A

stenosing tenosynovitis

134
Q

compression of brachial plexus nerves

A

thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)

135
Q

another term for thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)

A

brachial plexus injury

136
Q

thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is caused by repetitive tasks causing ____ of arms

A

continual hyperabduction

137
Q

thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is also caused by continuous dropping of these 4 body parts

A
  1. cervical rib2. fibrous band3. shoulder girdle4. fibrous band that develops around the nerve plexus
138
Q

inflammation of tendon usually caused by insult or injury to tendon

A

tendinitis/tendonitis

139
Q

tendinitis/tendonitis is often associated with these 2 conditions

A
  1. calcium deposits and/or2. bursa around tendon
140
Q

in frozen shoulder, adhesions are released ____

A

surgically

141
Q

3 causes of trauma

A
  1. accidental2. self-inflicted3. violence
142
Q

4 major types of trauma

A
  1. open2. assault3. thermal4. psychological

* * * 1. NCE: MEDT, ANPH, PATH 1&2 (28 decks)

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