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* * * 1. NCE: MEDT, ANPH, PATH 1&2 > Body Terms > Flashcards

Body Terms Flashcards

1
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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2
Q

bili

A

bile

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3
Q

chol/e, chol/o

A

bile, gall

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4
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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5
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile duct

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6
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

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7
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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8
Q

Swallowing path

A

pharynx - esophagus - stomach

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9
Q

Involuntary propulsion starts

A

peristalsis

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10
Q

Barrier between the esophagus and the stomach

A

cardiac sphincter

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11
Q

Food is digested ____ and ___ in the stomach

A

mechanically and chemically

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12
Q

-

A

Pepsin and hydrochloric acid

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13
Q

Serve as doorways so once food goes in it doesn’t come back

A

pyloric sphincter

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14
Q

Three parts of the small intestine

A
  1. Duodenum (25cm)2. Jejunum (2.4 m)3. Ileum (3.6 m)
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15
Q

____ from the gallbladder and ____ from the pancreas help digestion

A

Bile, pancreas

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16
Q

What are villi?

A

Aid in absorption

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17
Q

This valve prevents feces from reentering the small intestine

A

ileocecal valve

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18
Q

bucc/o

A

cheek

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19
Q

dent/o, dent/i

A

tooth, teeth

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20
Q

odont/o

A

tooth/teeth

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21
Q

gingiv/o

A

gum (gingiva)

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22
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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23
Q

lingu/o

A

tongue

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24
Q

gnath/o

A

jaw

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25
Q

labi/o

A

lip

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26
Q

or/o

A

mouth

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27
Q

stoma, stomat/o

A

mouth

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28
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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29
Q

sial/o

A

saliva, salivary gland or duct

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30
Q

uvul/o

A

uvula

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31
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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32
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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33
Q

pylor/o

A

pylorus

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34
Q

enter/o

A

intestine

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35
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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36
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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37
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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38
Q

cec/o

A

cecum

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39
Q

col/, colon/o

A

colon

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40
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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41
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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42
Q

proct/o

A

rectum

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43
Q

an/o

A

anus

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44
Q

What is GERD

A

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

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45
Q

Gastric juices enter the esophagus and causes heartburn

A

GERD

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46
Q

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal wall (usually ileum and colon)

A

Chron disease

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47
Q

Gluten intolerance

A

Celiac Disease

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48
Q

Other digestive disorders

A

gastroenteritis, hepatitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, pancreatitis

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49
Q

Creation of a stoma (-stomy)

A

Colostomy, gastrostomy

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50
Q

Surgical creation of a new connection

A

anastamosis

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51
Q

T or F. Digestive process tarts when food is placed into the mouth.

A

True

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52
Q

Digestive tract is also know as the ________

A

gastrointestinal tract or GI Tract

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53
Q

_____ aids in the breakdown of foods

A

saliva

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54
Q

Five elements of digestive process

A

ingestion, peristalsis, digestion, absorption, defecation

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55
Q

_____ glands secrete juice and hydrochloric acid

A

gastric glands

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56
Q

______ secretes bile and breaks down large molecultes of fat

A

Liver

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57
Q

Large intestine is divided into four sections

A

-

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58
Q

Anatomic directions: closer to the trunk; nearer to the point of attachment or to a given reference point

A

proximal

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59
Q

Anatomic directions: further away from body

A

distal

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60
Q

Anatomic directions: closer to the surface of the body

A

superficial

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61
Q

Anatomic directions: closer to center of the body

A

deep

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62
Q

Anatomic directions: below the transverse plane

A

inferior

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63
Q

Anatomic directions: above the transverse plane

A

superior

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64
Q

Anatomic directions: toward the front (belly) of the body

A

anterior/ventral

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65
Q

Anatomic directions: toward or at the back of the body

A

posterior/dorsal

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66
Q

Anatomic directions: toward the midline of the body

A

medial

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67
Q

Anatomic directions: toward the side of the body

A

lateral

68
Q

Anatomic directions: farther from the point of attachment or from a given reference point

A

distal

69
Q

Anatomic directions: toward the head

A

cranial or cephalad

70
Q

Anatomic directions: toward the lower end of the spine

A

caudal

71
Q

The way which a body can be cut

A

planes of section

72
Q

Planes of section: divides body into anterior and posterior parts (front and back)

A

frontal plane

73
Q

Planes of section: divides body into right and left

A

saggital plane

74
Q

Planes of section: is down the middle or midline

A

medial plane

75
Q

Planes of section: divides horizontally, splitting body into superior and inferior (top and bottom)

A

transverse plane

76
Q

What is in the dorsal cavity?

A

brain cavity and spinal cavity

77
Q

What is in the ventral cavity?

A

thoracic cavityabdominal cavitypelvic cavityabdominopelvic cavity

78
Q

What are the 3 abdominal medial regions?

A
  1. epigastric (above stomach)2. umbilical at navel3. hypogastric below stomach
79
Q

What are the 6 abdominal lateral regions?

A
  1. hypochondriac L and R ribs2. lumbar L and R small of back3. iliac/inguinal L and R hipbone
80
Q

Quadrants and regions refer to the ___ right and left side, not the ___.

A

patient’s right and left side, not the observers

81
Q

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

A

quadrants and regions

82
Q

Body Position: standing erect, facing forward, arms at sides, palms forward, legs parallel, toes pointed forward; descriptions and studies of the body

A

anatomic position

83
Q

acu/o

A

sharp, sudden, severe

84
Q

axill/o

A

armpit

85
Q

carp/o

A

wrist

86
Q

cib/o

A

meals

87
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

88
Q

duct/o

A

to lead, carry get carried away

89
Q

flex/o

A

to bend

90
Q

furc/o

A

forking, branching

91
Q

isch/o

A

to hold bag

92
Q

mort/o

A

death

93
Q

necr/o

A

death of cells or whole body

94
Q

nect/o

A

to bind, tie, connect

95
Q

neutr/o

A

neutrophil (WBC)

96
Q

plas/o

A

formation, development

97
Q

pub/o

A

pubis, pubic bone

98
Q

seps/o

A

infection

99
Q

the/o

A

to put, place

100
Q

top/o

A

place, position, location

101
Q

con-

A

together, with

102
Q

ultra

A

beyond, excessive

103
Q

-coccus

A

berry shaped bacteria

104
Q

-cyesis

A

pregnancy

105
Q

-drome

A

to run

106
Q

-dynia

A

pain

107
Q

-er

A

one who

108
Q

-fusion

A

coming together, to pour

109
Q

-lapse

A

to slide, fall, sag

110
Q

-mission

A

to send

111
Q

-ole

A

small, little

112
Q

-or

A

one who

113
Q

-partum

A

birth, labor

114
Q

-phobia

A

fear

115
Q

-phoria

A

to bear, carry; feeling

116
Q

-physis

A

to grow

117
Q

-therapy

A

treatment

118
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

119
Q

-ule

A

little, small

120
Q

-us

A

structure, substance

121
Q

When – is above a vowel, the sound is ___

A

long, ex. ā as in āpe, õ as in õpen

122
Q

When ˘ is above a vowel, the sound is ____

A

short. ex. ă as in ăpple

123
Q

The ____ syllable is accented

A

capitalized

124
Q

Fundamental unit of all living things

A

Cell

125
Q

Surrounds and protects the cell; regulates what passes into and out of the cell

A

Cell membrane

126
Q

Controls the operations of the cell; directs cell division and determines the structure and function of the cell

A

Nucleus

127
Q

Rod-like structures within the nucleus

A

Chromosomes

128
Q

All human body cells except the sex cells contain ___ pairs of chromosomes

A

23

129
Q

Each sperm and each cell have __ unpaired chromosomes

A

23

130
Q

When an egg and sperm cell unite to form the embryo, each cell of the embryo then has __ pairs

A

46

131
Q

Chromosomes contain regions called ____

A

Genes

132
Q

T or F. There are several thousand genes in an orderly sequence, on every chromosome

A

T

133
Q

Each gene contains a chemical ___, which regulates the activities of the cell according to its sequence in each chromosome

A

DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid

134
Q

Code that directs the activities of each cell such as cell division and synthesis of proteins

A

DNA sequence

135
Q

Photograph of an individual’s chromosomes arranged by size, shape and number

A

Karyotype

136
Q

Extra chromosome __ results in the development of a child with Down syndrome

A

21

137
Q

Includes all of the material outside the nucleus and enclosed by the cell membrane; carries on the work of the cell; contains specialized apparatus to supply the chemical needs of the cell

A

Cytoplasm

138
Q

Small sausage shaped bodies that provide the principal source of energy for cell; use nutrients and oxygen to release energy that is stored in food

A

Mitochondria

139
Q

Chemical process where complex foods are broken down into simpler substances and energy is released by the mitochondria

A

catabolism

140
Q

Network of canals within the cell that manufacture proteins for the cell

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

141
Q

Attached to the ER; builds long chains of proteins

A

Ribosomes

142
Q

Occurs in the ER; process of building large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids

A

anabolism

143
Q

Important proteins for cell growth

A

Hormones and enzymes

144
Q

Processes that make up the cell’s metabolism

A

Anabolism and catabolism

145
Q

The total of the chemical processes occurring in a cell

A

Metabolism

146
Q

Break down anabolism

A

Ana: upBol: castIsm: process

147
Q

An ______ cell is square and flat to provide protection

A

Epithelial

148
Q

____ cells are long and slender and contains fibers that aid in contracting and relaxing

A

Muscle

149
Q

___ cells are long and have various fibrous extensions that help them carry impulses

A

Nerve

150
Q

_____ cells contain large, empty spaces for fat storage

A

Fat

151
Q

Group of similar cells working together to do a specific job

A

Tissue

152
Q

Type of tissue located all over the body, forms the linings of internal organs and the outer surface of the skin covering the body

A

Epithelial

153
Q

Why did epithelial originally refer to the tissue on the breast?

A

Epi: tissue onThelo: nipple

154
Q

Type of muscle tissue found in arms and legs and parts of the body where movement is under conscious control

A

Voluntary

155
Q

Type of muscle tissue found in the heart and digestive system that allows movement not under conscious control

A

Involuntary

156
Q

Examples of connective tissue:

A

Adipose tissue? Cartilage, bone, blood

157
Q

_____ tissue conducts impulses all over the body

A

Nerve

158
Q

Cranio

A

Skull

159
Q

Karyo

A

Nucleus

160
Q

Ventro

A

Belly side of body

161
Q

Meta

A

Change

162
Q

-ose

A

Pertaining to, full of

163
Q

-plasm

A

Formation

164
Q

-some a

A

Bodies

165
Q

-type

A

Picture, classification

166
Q

A yo

A

Sharp severe

* * * 1. NCE: MEDT, ANPH, PATH 1&2 (28 decks)

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