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* * * 1. NCE: MEDT, ANPH, PATH 1&2 > Lungs | The Respiratory System > Flashcards

Lungs | The Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

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2
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus, air sac

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3
Q

bronch/o, bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube, bronchus

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4
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiole, small bronchus

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5
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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6
Q

coni/o

A

dust

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7
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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8
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

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9
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, voice box

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10
Q

lob/o

A

lobe of the lung

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11
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

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12
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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13
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

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14
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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15
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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16
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

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17
Q

phon/o

A

voice

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18
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

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19
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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20
Q

pneum/o, pneumon/o

A

air, lung

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21
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

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22
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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23
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus, cavity

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24
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

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25
Q

tel/o

A

complete

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26
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

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27
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

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28
Q

trache/o

A

trachea, windpipe

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29
Q

-ema

A

condition

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30
Q

-osmia

A

smell

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31
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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32
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

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33
Q

-sphyxia

A

pulse

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34
Q

-thorax

A

pleural cavity; chest

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35
Q

pathology pg

A

469

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36
Q

tests pg

A

476

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37
Q

ABGs

A

arterial blood gases

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38
Q

ARDS

A

adult (or acute) respiratory distress syndrome

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39
Q

Bronch

A

bronchoscopy

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40
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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41
Q

CPAP

A

continuous positive airway pressure

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42
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

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43
Q

CTA

A

clear to auscultation

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44
Q

DOE

A

dyspnea on exertion

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45
Q

DPT

A

diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus

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46
Q

LLL

A

left lower lobe of lung

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47
Q

LUL

A

left upper lobe of lung

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48
Q

NSCLC

A

non small cell lung cancer

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49
Q

OSA

A

obstructive sleep apnea

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50
Q

PCP

A

pneumocystis pneumonia

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51
Q

PE

A

pulmonary embolism

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52
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function test

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53
Q

RDS

A

respiratory distress syndrome

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54
Q

RLL

A

right lower lobe of lung

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55
Q

RSV

A

respiratory syncytial virus

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56
Q

RUL

A

right upper lobe of lung

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57
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

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58
Q

TB

A

tuberculosis

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59
Q

URTI

A

upper respiratory tract infection

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60
Q

radiographic image of thoracic cavity (chest film)

A

chest xray

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61
Q

computer generated series of xray images show thoracic structures in cross section and other planes

A

computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest

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62
Q

magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral and cross sectional planes

A

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the chest

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63
Q

radioactive glucose is injected and images reveal metabolic activity in the lungs

A

positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the lung

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64
Q

detection device record radioactivity in the lung after injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of small amount of radioactive gas (xenon)

A

ventilation perfusion (VQ) scan

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65
Q

fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes

A

bronchoscopy

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66
Q

placement of tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway

A

endotracheal intubation

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67
Q

visual examination of voice box

A

laryngoscopy

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68
Q

removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic examination

A

lung biopsy

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69
Q

endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum

A

mediastinoscopy

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70
Q

tests measuring ventilation mechanics of the lungs

A

pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

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71
Q

surgical puncture to remove fluid from pleural space

A

thoracentesis

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72
Q

large surgical incision of the chest

A

thoracotomy

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73
Q

visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope

A

thoracoscopy

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74
Q

allows surgeon to view chest from a video monitor

A

video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)

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75
Q

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck

A

tracheostomy

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76
Q

determines past or present tuberculous infection based on positive skin reaction

A

tuberculin tests

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77
Q

flexible, plastic chest tube passed into the pleural space through an opening in the chest

A

tube thoracostomy

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78
Q

The main function of the respiratory system is to provide ____ to body cells for energy metabolism and to eliminate _____.

A

oxygen, carbon dioxide

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79
Q

T or F. The respiratory system works closely with the cardiovascular system to accomplish gas exchange.

A

True

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80
Q

Exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood takes place in the ____.

A

Exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood takes place in the lungs.

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81
Q

Two cone-shaped organslocated in the thoracic cavity

A

lungs

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82
Q

A double membrane that covers the lungs and lines the thoraciccavity.

A

pleura

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83
Q

The outer layer that is attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity

A

parietal pleura

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84
Q

The inner layer that is attached to the surface of the lungs

A

visceral pleura

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85
Q

The very thin, fluid-filled space between the two layers of the pleura

A

the pleural space

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86
Q

T or F. Air is carried to and from the lungs in a series of tubes in which no gas exchange occurs.

A

True

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87
Q

Air enters through the nose, where it is ____, ____,and ____ as it passes over the hair-covered mucous membranes of the nasal cavity.

A

warmed, filtered and moistened

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88
Q

Microscopic hairlike projections from the cells that line the nose and sweep dirt and foreign material toward the throat for elimination.

A

cilia

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89
Q

Material that is eliminated from the respiratory tract by coughing or clearing the throat

A

sputum

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90
Q

Air filled cavities lined with mucous membranes thatdrain into the nasal cavity. These chambers lighten the bones and provide resonance for speech production.

A

sinus

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91
Q

Together, because they are near the nose, these cavities are referred to as the ______.

A

paranasal sinuses

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92
Q

Receptors for the sense of smell are located within bony side projections of the nasal cavity called _____ or _____.

A

turbinatebones, conchae

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93
Q

The medical term for breathing

A

pulmonary ventilation

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94
Q

What are two structures of the upper respiratory system?

A
  1. nose2. pharynx
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95
Q

What are the three parts of the pharynx?

A
  1. nasopharynx2. oropharynx3. laryngeal pharynxnaso-oro-laryngeal
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96
Q

What are the four structures of the lower respiratory system?

A
  1. larynx2. trachea3. bronchi4. terminal bronchiolesLTBTB
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97
Q

The medical term for throat

A

pharynx

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98
Q

The upper portion of the pharynx behind the nasal cavity

A

the nasopharynx

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99
Q

The middle portion of the pharynx behind the mouth

A

the oropharynx

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100
Q

The lower portion of the pharynx behind the larynx.

A

the laryngeal pharynx

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101
Q

The ____ are on either side of the soft palate in the oropharynx.

A

palatine tonsils

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102
Q

The ______, or adenoids, are in the nasopharynx.

A

pharyngeal tonsils

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103
Q

The pharynx conducts air into the ____, a tube reinforced with C-shaped rings of cartilage to prevent its collapse.

A

trachea

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104
Q

Cilia in the lining of the trachea move impurities up toward the throat, where they can be eliminated by ___ orby ___.

A

swallowing, expectoration

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105
Q

At the top of the trachea and is shaped by nine cartilages,the most prominent of which is the thyroid cartilage at the front that forms the “Adam’s apple.”

A

larynx

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106
Q

The openingbetween the vocal cords

A

glottis

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107
Q

Cartilage that covers the opening of the larynx and helps to prevent food from entering the respiratory tract when swallowing.

A

epiglottis

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108
Q

The larynx contains the ______, folds of tissue that are important in speech production

A

vocal cords

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109
Q

_____ produced by air passing over the vocal cords form the basis for voice production, although portionsof the throat and mouth are needed for proper articulation of speech.

A

vibrations

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110
Q

The trachea is contained in a region known as the ____, which consists of the space between the lungs together with the organs contained in this space.

A

mediastinum

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111
Q

T or F. In addition to the trachea, the mediastinum contains the heart, esophagus, large vessels, and other tissues.

A

True

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112
Q

At its lower end, the trachea divides into a right and a left main stem _____ that enter the lungs.

A

bronchus

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113
Q

The right bronchus divides into ___ secondary bronchi that enter the ___ lobes of theright lung.

A

three, three

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114
Q

The left bronchus divides into ___ branches that supply the ___ lobes of the left lung.

A

two, two

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115
Q

Further divisionsproduce an increasing number of smaller tubes that supply air to smaller subdivisions of lung tissue

A

bronchioles

116
Q

As the air passageways progress through the lungs, the cartilage in the walls gradually disappears and is replacedby _____ muscle.

A

smooth (involuntary)

117
Q

The smallest of the conducting tubes, the bronchioles, carry air into the microscopic air sacs called ______.

A

alveoli

118
Q

Structure through which gases are exchanged between the lungs and the blood

A

alveoli

119
Q

T or F. It is through the ultrathin walls of the alveoli and their surrounding capillaries that oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses outof the blood for elimination.

A

true

120
Q

Breathing consists of a steady cycle of _____ and _____, separated by a period of rest.

A

inspiration (inhalation), expiration (exhalation)

121
Q

The breathing cycle begins when the _____ stimulates the _____ to contract and flatten, thus enlargingthe _____.

A

phrenic nerve, diaphragm, chest cavity

122
Q

The resulting decrease in _____ within the thorax causes air to be pulled into the lungs

A

pressure

123
Q

The ______ between the ribs aid in inspiration by pulling the ribs up and out.

A

intercostal muscles

124
Q

The measure of how easily the lungs expand under pressure

A

compliance

125
Q

Fluid produced within the lung that aids in compliance by reducing surface tension within the alveoli.

A

surfactant

126
Q

Expiration occurs as the breathing muscles ____, thelungs go back to their original size, and air is forced out.

A

relax

127
Q

Muscles of the ____ and ___ are used in addition for forceful inhalation.

A

neck and thorax

128
Q

Muscles of the ____ and ____ can be called on for forceful exhalation.

A

rib cage and abdomen

129
Q

Breathing is normally regulated unconsciously by centers in the _____.

A

brainstem

130
Q

T or F. Brainstem centers adjust the rate and rhythm of breathing according to changes in the composition of the blood, especially the concentrationof carbon dioxide.

A

true

131
Q

Oxygen is carried in the blood bound to _____ and is released to the cells as needed.

A

hemoglobin in red blood cells

132
Q

Carbon dioxide is carried in several ways but is mostly converted to an acid called _____

A

carbonic acid

133
Q

The amount of carbon dioxide that is exhaled is important in regulating the ____ or ____ of the blood, based on the amount of carbonic acid that is formed.

A

acidity or alkalinity

134
Q

T or F. Dangerous shifts in blood pH can result from too muchor too little carbon dioxide being exhaled.

A

True

135
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

136
Q

-oxia

A

level of oxygen

137
Q

When referring to levels of O2 or CO2 in the blood, the suffix ____ is used

A

-emia

138
Q

-capnia

A

level of CO2

139
Q

-phonia

A

voice

140
Q

nas/o

A

nose

141
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

142
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

143
Q

layrng/o

A

larynx

144
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

145
Q

bronch/o, bronch/i

A

bronchus

146
Q

bronchiol

A

bronchiole

147
Q

phrenic/o

A

phrenic nerve

148
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

149
Q

pulm/o,pulmon/o

A

lungs

150
Q

pneumon/o

A

lung

151
Q

pneum/o, pneumat/o

A

air, gas; also respiration, lung

152
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

153
Q

ABG

A

arterial blood gas

154
Q

RDS

A

respiratory distress syndrome

155
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

156
Q

LLL

A

lower left lobe

157
Q

LUL

A

upper left lobe

158
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function test(s)

159
Q

RML

A

right middle love

160
Q

T&A

A

tonsils and adenoids

161
Q

TLC

A

total lung capacity

162
Q

TLC

A

total lung capacity

163
Q

During inspiration, pressure in the lungs ____ and air is pulled in

A

decreases

164
Q

During expiration, lung pressure _____

A

increases

165
Q

Carbon dioxide is mostly transported in ____

A

plasma

166
Q

What factors increases respiration?

A

anxiety, vigorous exercise

167
Q

What are RS infections caused by bacteria

A

bronchitis, laryngitis, pneumonia

168
Q

Most common cause of death in newborns caused by a deficient amount of surfanctant

A

RDS Respiratory Distress Syndrome

169
Q

PFTs are used to assess breathing using a _____ and measures volumes of air that can be moved in or out of the lungs.

A

spirometer

170
Q

What makes up the upper respiratory tract?

A

nose, pharynx, larynx

171
Q

What makes up the lower respiratory tract?

A

trachea, bronchial tree, lungs

172
Q

Coughing or spitting up of blood from the respiratory tract

A

hemoptysis

173
Q

Ranges from blood streaked sputum to hemorrhage

A

hemoptysis

174
Q

Generally a symptom of an underlying disorder such as trauma, erosion of a vessel, calcification, tumors, and inflammatory conditions

A

hemoptysis

175
Q

Treatment: ligation, surgical removal, surgical repair of a vessel

A

hemoptysis

176
Q

Airless or collapsed state of pulmonary tissue

A

atelectasis

177
Q

Atelectasis is caused by the obstruction of the _____

A

bronchial tree

178
Q

Three causes of atelectasis:

A
  1. OBSTRUCTIONS by mucus plugs, foreign body or bronchogenic cancer2. inflammatory pulmonary DISEASE3. FAILURE to breathe deeply
179
Q

Treatment: surgical drainage of a pleural effusion

A

atelectasis

180
Q

Occurs when a clot or foreign body blocks an artery in the pulmonary circulation

A

pulmonary embolism

181
Q

Five causes of pulmonary embolism:

A
  1. pregnancy2. oral contraceptive pills3. emboli (air or fat)4. thrombi5. stasis of blood flowPOETS: Robert Frost
182
Q

Three treatment options for pulmonary embolism

A
  1. oxygen therapy2. anticoagulants3. thrombolytic drugs
183
Q

T or F. In cases of pulmonary embolism, prevention is easier than treatment.

A

T

184
Q

Inflammation of the lungs due to infection

A

pneumonia

185
Q

*

A

walking pneumonia

186
Q

What is another name for walking pneumonia?

A

atypical pneumonia

187
Q

*

A

aspiration pneumonia

188
Q

Causes: viruses, bacteria, inhalation of a damaging gas or chemical

A

pneumonia

189
Q

Treatment of pneumonia is based on _____.

A

the cause

190
Q

Cavity of contained infectious material in lung

A

pulmonary abscess

191
Q

Often a complication of bacterial pneumonia

A

pulmonary abscess

192
Q

4 other causes of pulmonary abscess:

A
  1. aspiration of food/foreign object2. bronchial stenosis3. septic embolism4. neoplasmsABSN
193
Q

Treatment: surgical resection if antibiotics are ineffective

A

pulmonary abscess

194
Q

Acute respiratory infection that produces severe pneumonia-like symptoms or fatal pneumonia

A

legionnaires’ disease

195
Q

What is another name for legionnaires’ disease?

A

legionellosis

196
Q

Legionnaires’ disease is pneumonia caused by which bacteria?

A

legionella pneumophila

197
Q

Legionella pneumophila grows in warm water environments and is inhaled in _______

A

aerosolized water droplet

198
Q

Condition caused by Legionella pneumophila bacteria but unlike Legionnaires’ disease, does not cause pneumonia

A

pontiac fever

199
Q

Legionnaires’ disease is treated with ____ before the diagnosis is even confirmed because the response to treatment is generally slow

A

antibiotic therapy

200
Q

Inflammatory and infectious condition of the lungs

A

respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia or RSV pneumonia

201
Q

What virus causes RSV pneumonia?

A

respiratory syncytial virus

202
Q

Greatest occurence for RSV pneumonia is during _____

A

winter

203
Q

Treatment: oxygen therapy

A

RSV pneumonia

204
Q

T or F. Antibiotics would be given for associated infections but not the RSV itself

A

true

205
Q

Most of us have had RSV respiratory infection at some point but the 3 main groups at risk for RSV pneumonia are:

A
  1. children younger than 3 including infants2. elderly3. patients with compromised respiratory systems
206
Q

What type of infants are most at risk for RSV pneumonia?

A
  1. premature infants2. infants with a congenital cardiac defect or pre-existing pulmonary disorder
207
Q

Fungal disease originating in the lungs

A

histoplasmosis

208
Q

Histoplasmosis is caused by inhalation of ___ containing ___

A

dust containing Histoplasma capsulatum

209
Q

Treatment: mild cases may not need treatment, antifungals

A

histoplasmosis

210
Q

Disease that can be an opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS

A

histoplasmosis

211
Q

Generalized highly contagious acute viral disease that occurs in annual outbreaks; initial symptoms are similar to common cold

A

influenza

212
Q

T or F. Influenza can cause secondary bacterial pneumonia

A

T

213
Q

Which viruses usually cause influenza?

A

orthomyxovirus A, B & C

214
Q

Treatment: symptomatic, prophylactic vaccines recommended

A

influenza

215
Q

Slow and irreversible progressive airway obstruction

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

216
Q

What is another name for COPD?

A

chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD)

217
Q

T or F. COPD includes acute bronchitis

A

F. COPD only includes chronic bronchitis

218
Q

What other disease fall under the COPD umbrella?

A

bronchiectasis, asthma, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, pneumoconiosis

219
Q

Treatment: depends on the lung condition

A

COPD

220
Q

Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the bronchi

A

bronchitis

221
Q

Type of bronchitis that is usually part of a viral upper respiratory infection; treatment is symptom relief onlookers

A

acute bronchitis

222
Q

Type of bronchitis usually related to constant irritation from smoking, exposure to industrial pollution, or recurrent lung infections

A

chronic bronchitis

223
Q

How long must symptoms be present to diagnose chronic bronchitis?

A

3 months of the year for at least 2 years in a row

224
Q

Chronic bronchitis is treated depending on ____

A

stage

225
Q

Permanent irreversible DILATION or distortion of one or more bronchial

A

bronchiectasis

226
Q

Bronchiectasis results from the destruction of muscular and elastic portions of the ___

A

bronchial wall

227
Q

Cause: repeated damage to bronchial walls from recurrent lung infections, bronchial obstruction, inhalation of corrosive gas, cystic fibrosis and some childhood infections

A

bronchiectasis

228
Q

What is the difference between bronchiectasis and bronchitis?

A

BRONCHITIS: constant irritation causing irritation to the mucous membrane lining the bronchiBRONCHIECTASIS: dilation of one or more bronchi *med term rules

229
Q

Disorder affecting the exocrine glands and causes the production of abnormally thick mucus, leading to the blockage of bronchi and often resulting in respiratory infection such as bronchiectasis

A

cystic fibrosis

230
Q

Disorder causing patient to produce large quantities of purulent foul smelling sputum; treatment includes postural drainage

A

bronchiectasis

231
Q

COPD characterized by destructive changes in _____ and irreversible enlargement of _____

A

pulmonary emphysema; destructive changes in alveolar walls and irreversible enlargement of alveolar air spaces

232
Q

What 3 things do patients with pulmonary emphysema develop?

A
  1. cyanosis2. right ventricular heart failure3. digital clubbing
233
Q

Treatment: drug therapy, oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation

A

pulmonary emphysema

234
Q

In some pulmonary emphysema cases, surgery to improve ___ may be performed; usually involves the removal of portions of the lung

A

air trapping

235
Q

Any disease of the lung caused by long term dust inhalation

A

pneumoconiosis

236
Q

How are pneumoconiosis and histoplasmosis different?

A

pneumoconiosis: any lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of regular dusthistoplasmosis: fungal disease caused by inhalation of dust containing Histoplasma capsulatum

237
Q

T or F. Pneumoconiosis is considered to be an occupational disease

A

T

238
Q

Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the lungs and lining of the pleural cavity

A

pleurisy/pleuritis

239
Q

T or F. Pleurisy/pleuritis is usually a secondary to other disease or infection

A

T

240
Q

What are the two types of pleurisy/pleuritis?

A
  1. wet2. dry
241
Q

Type of pleurisy where pleural fluid is present

A

wet pleurisy

242
Q

Type of pleurisy where pleural fluid decreases

A

dry pleurisy

243
Q

Three treatments used for pleurisy:

A
  1. antibiotic therapy and analgesics to control pain2. splinting of the chest and deep breathing exercises for good ventilation3. therapeutic thoracotomy
244
Q

Collection of air and gas in the pleural cavity that results in a collapse or partially collapsed lung

A

pneumothorax

245
Q

How are pneumothorax and pleurisy different in regard to their effects on the pleural cavity?

A

pneumothorax: collection of air in the pleural cavity; collapsed lungpleurisy: inflammation of the membranes surrounding the lungs and lining of the pleural cavity; secondary to other disease

246
Q

What are two types of pneumothorax?

A
  1. spontaneous2. traumatic
247
Q

Type of pneumothorax where an opening is present on the surface of a lung; disorder causing internal erosion of the lung surface

A

spontaneous pneumothorax

248
Q

Type of pneumothorax where the integrity of the pleural cavity is breached as a result of trauma; following a chest injury sometimes caused by the patient’s own rib

A

traumatic pneumothorax

249
Q

Three treatments to manage pneumothorax pain:

A
  1. fowler/semi-fowler position most comfortable2. dressing over the wound3. drainage system to expand and heal the lung
250
Q

Accumulation of blood and fluid in the pleural cavity

A

hemothorax

251
Q

How are pneumothorax and hemothorax different?

A

pneumothorax: collection of air in the pleural cavityhemothorax: collection of blood/fluid in the pleural cavity

252
Q

In hemothorax, blood enters the pleural space because of trauma erosion of _____ or ______ causing lung to collapse

A

pulmonary vessel or hematologic disorder

253
Q

To treat hemothorax, the lung must be expanded by ____ to drain the blood

A

thoracotomy

254
Q

T or F. Hemothorax can coexist with pneumothorax

A

T

255
Q

Instability in the chest wall caused by multiple rib fractures or sternum

A

flail chest

256
Q

Flail chest is caused by direct trauma to the chest wall that fractures ___ or more adjacent ribs

A

three

257
Q

Flail chest can cause ____ breathing; the chest moves inward during inspiration and outward during expiration – the opposite of what should happen normally

A

paradoxical breathing

258
Q

Flail chest is treated by stabilizing the chest wall and healing the rib fractures while maintaining _____

A

respiratory integrity

259
Q

Chronic, acute or subacute infection of the lungs

A

pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)

260
Q

What bacteria causes pulmonary tuberculosis?

A

myobacterium tuberculosis

261
Q

What are the two forms of tuberculosis?

A
  1. primary form2. secondary form
262
Q

Form of tuberculosis where a lesion in the lung develops because the normal antigen response doesn’t inactivate the disease, causing ____

A

primary form; causes cavitations

263
Q

Form of tuberculosis that is the sequelae of primary form when the primary form is not treated properly and the body creates pockets of tuberculosis

A

secondary form

264
Q

Form of tuberculosis that occurs following reactivation of the primary infection or exposure to an infected person

A

secondary form

265
Q

List three factors contributing to the spread of tuberculosis

A
  1. travel2. lack of vaccinations3. HIV/AIDS
266
Q

Glandular fever and acute herpesvirus infection

A

infectious mononucleosis

267
Q

What is another name for infectious mononucleosis?

A

Epstein-Barr infection

268
Q

What virus causes mono?

A

Epstein-Barr virus

269
Q

List 3 treatments for mononucleosis.

A
  1. bed rest2. increased fluid intake3. antipyretic drugs
270
Q

What are the symptoms of mononucleosis in the acute phase?

A

fever and malaise

271
Q

Syndrome and cancer that results from EBV

A

chronic fatigue syndrome, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (next outcome)

272
Q

The ___ and ___ can experience complications related to mononucleosis

A

spleen and liver

273
Q

Type of acute lung injury characterized by severe pulmonary congestion, acute respiratory distress, and hypoxemia

A

adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

274
Q

What is another name for ARDS?

A

shock lung

275
Q

Secondary to severe trauma or some agent

A

ARDS

276
Q

T or F. There is no known cure for ARDS; interventions are supportive only

A

T

277
Q

Multi-system granulomatous (small lesions of inflamed cells) disorder most commonly detected in the lung, but can affect other organs as well

A

sarcoidosis

278
Q

Respiratory disorder thought to be a malfunction of the immune system but is mostly idiopathic

A

sarcoidosis

279
Q

What can be prescribed when sarcoidosis is widespread?

A

immunosuppressant drugs; corticosteroid therapy to relieve pain symotoms

280
Q

Most common type of cancer death

A

lung cancer

281
Q

What is the most common symptom of lung cancer?

A

shortness of breath

282
Q

Lung cancer is caused by repeated carcinogenic irritation to the ____, leading to increased rates of cell division

A

bronchial epithelium

283
Q

What are two types of lung cancer?

A
  1. non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)2. small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
284
Q

Type of cancer not associated with smoking

A

NSCLC

285
Q

Type of cancer associated with smoking

A

SCLC

286
Q

Lung cancer treatment is based on the ___ of tumor and ___ of tumor

A

type and stage

287
Q

Treatment: radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy

A

lung cancer

* * * 1. NCE: MEDT, ANPH, PATH 1&2 (28 decks)

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