Topic 76 - Adenohypophysis, the synthesis and release of the ACTH Flashcards
1
Q
Words to include in the adenohypophysis
A
- Hypophysis
- Neurohypophysis (posterior lobe)
- Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)
- Endocrine gland
- Rathke’s pouch
- Endothermal glandular tissue
- Hypophyseal hormones
- Glandotropic hormones
- TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
- ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)
- FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
- LH (Lutenizing hormone)
- Endocrine gland
- Histotrophic hormones
- PRL (Prolactin)
- STH (Growth hormone / somatotropin)
- Glandotropic hormones
2
Q
Words to include in the synthesis and release of the ACTH
A
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone / corticotropin
- Glucocorticoid synthesis
- Adrenal cortex
- Zona fasciculata
- Zona reticularis
- cAMP pathway
- Cholesterol cleaving
- Steroid synthesis
- Direct facilitation of secretion
- Brown area
- Pre-POMC
- POMC
- Signal peptide
- Gamma-MSH
- ACTH
- Beta-LPH
- Alpha-MSH
- CLIP
- Gamma-LPH
- Beta-endorphin
- Beta-MSH
- (met)-enkephalin
- Feedback
- Long feedback
- Negative feedback
- Ultra-short feedback
- CRF
- CRF sybthesizing cells
- Long feedback
3
Q
General about the adenohypophysis
A
- The hypophysis is separated into two parts:
- Neurohypophysis (posterior lobe)
- Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)
- The adenohypophysis is an endocrine gland found in the Rathke’s pouch, it is developed from the entodermal glandular tissue during embryonic life
4
Q
Hypophyseal hormones
A
- Glandotropic hormones (acts only on endocrine glands)
- TSH (Thyroid stimulating Hormone)
- ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)
- FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
- LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
- Histotrophic hormones
- PRL (Prolactin)
- STH (Growth Hormone / Somatotropin)
5
Q
ACTH
What does ATCH stand for?
A
Adrenocortitropic hormone / Corticotropin
6
Q
ACTH
The role of ACTH
A
- Stimulates glucocorticoid synthesis in the adrenal cortex in the layers:
- Zona fasciculata
- Zona reticularis
- Stimulation through the enhancement of the activity of cAMP pathway
- ACTH helps to mobilize energy reserves and decrease pain sensation during stress
7
Q
ACTH
Synthesis of ACTH
A
- ACTH is produced in the brown area (central part) of the adenohypophysis
8
Q
ACTH
Regulation of ACTH
A
- Regulated by the feedback principle using:
-
Long feedback
- Increasing glucocorticoid concentration
- The glucocorticoid production is stimulated by ACTH, and it will elicit at negative feedback on the ACTH synthesis
-
Ultra-short feedback
- ACTH inhibiting CRF
- Neural impulses reaching the hypothalamus are integrated by CRF synthesizing cells
- The release of CRF is pulsatile and its circadian fluctuation determines the synthesis and secretion of ACTH
-
Long feedback