Theileriosis, Anaplasmosis, Lymphosarcoma, Johne's Salmonella Flashcards
What are some differentials for a cow that is jaundice, breathing hard with its neck extended and foaming at the mouth. It is in a bare pasture in the winter. One other cow is dead.
Rabies, choke, anaplasma, thelieria
What are the two biggest differentials for jaundice?
Anaplasma and Thelieria
What disease is:
Hemoprotozoan
Spread by Ixodid ticks and long horn tick and blood
Makes periplasms precipitate in RBC
Theileria orientalis Ikeda
How is theileria spread?
Needles, ticks, flies, lice, rarely transplacental
Can theileria recrudes?
Yes (carriers)
When does acute disease occur after infection of theileria? what are the signs?
1-8 weeks
no, clinical signs, reluctance to walk, anemia, icterus, pyrexia, tachycardia, poor appetite, decreased milk production, decreased libido, abortion
If calves are affect is it more likely anaplasmosis or theileria?
theileria
How do you test for theileria?
PCR combo test for theileria and anaplasma
Is there a treatment for theliera?
No
What should you always consider before introducing new animals into the herd if you are endemic or nonendemic for thelieria?
Endemic - animal brought in may get disease
Nonendemic - may be exposing the herd
How can you prevent theileria?
March to November treat for ticks
-Permethrins, organophosphates, macrocyclic lactones
Is theileria or anaplasma:
More effiecnt:
Young stock affected:
Aggression:
Generalized weakness:
Abortion, Still birth or weak calves
More effiecnt:Thelieria
Young stock affected: Theileria
Aggression: Anaplasma
Generalized weakness: Thelieria
Abortion, Still birth or weak calves: Theileria
What are some common bloodwork findings for lymphoma?
Increased leukocytes
Increased globulin with decreased albumin, increased ca, lymphocytosis
Where does lymphoma like to affect different aged cattle?
Juvenile - multicentric
3m -2y thyamic
1-3yr cutaneous
adult - multicentric due to BLV
What virus can cause cattle to have lymphoma? What percent of cattle with the virus get lymphoma?
Bovine Leukosis Virus
5%
How is BLV spread?
Horizonal - injections, insect, palpation, close contact, urine and uterine fluid
Vertical - less common
What is a common indicator a BLV cow may get lymphoma?
Persistent lymphocytosis
What are some signs of lymphoma?
Peripheral and internal lymphadenopahty, dyspnea, bloat, jug distension, tachycardia, brisket edema, weight loss, decrease milk produciton, fever, inappetance, infertility, rear limb paralysis, exopthalmia, GI obstruciton, melena
Where does lymphoma like to targer?
H - Heat
A - Abomasum
U - Uterus
L - Lymph Nodes
L - Lungs
S - Spinal Cord
*Ocular
*Mammary
*Spleen
Is it easy to prevent BLV/Lymphoma?
No
-Clean needles, sleeves, separate cows, pasteurize colostrum, clean everything
Is small ruminant lymphoma related to a virus?
Goats: no
Sheep Yes and no
Multicentric common for both (t cell more than b cell)
What is the causative agent of Johnese?
Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis
What are signs of Johnes?
Weight loss, good appetite
Some diarrhea (less in SR)
many subclinical
Signs before 1yr in SR (not till over 2 cow), PCV will be normal
1 yr old ewe, chronic weight loss, adequat nurtion but BCS 1/5, normal TPR and rument sounds, LN normal. Whats on the differntials?
Worms - fecal and FAMACHA
Coccidia
Johnes
Is there a treatment and if not whats the approach?
Test (2x) and cull
-clean, dont pool colostrum, milk replacer, separate equipment, feed good hay
What kind of bacteria is salmonella?
Gram -, rod, facultative anaerobe
What are clinical signs of salmonella?
Fecver, diarrhea (bloody and casts), dehydrated, tachy cardia and tachypnea, no rumen contraction, toxic eye
What’s the pathophysiology of salmonella?
Attach and destroy enterocyte in distal SI and colon
-Facultative IC organism
Salmonella typhimurium
Abotion
