Theileriosis, Anaplasmosis, Lymphosarcoma, Johne's Salmonella

Question 1

What are some differentials for a cow that is jaundice, breathing hard with its neck extended and foaming at the mouth. It is in a bare pasture in the winter. One other cow is dead.

Answer 1

Rabies, choke, anaplasma, thelieria

Question 2

What are the two biggest differentials for jaundice?

Answer 2

Anaplasma and Thelieria

Question 3

What disease is:
Hemoprotozoan
Spread by Ixodid ticks and long horn tick and blood
Makes periplasms precipitate in RBC

Answer 3

Theileria orientalis Ikeda

Question 4

How is theileria spread?

Answer 4

Needles, ticks, flies, lice, rarely transplacental

Question 5

Can theileria recrudes?

Answer 5

Yes (carriers)

Question 6

When does acute disease occur after infection of theileria? what are the signs?

Answer 6

1-8 weeks
no, clinical signs, reluctance to walk, anemia, icterus, pyrexia, tachycardia, poor appetite, decreased milk production, decreased libido, abortion

Question 7

If calves are affect is it more likely anaplasmosis or theileria?

Answer 7

theileria

Question 8

How do you test for theileria?

Answer 8

PCR combo test for theileria and anaplasma

Question 9

Is there a treatment for theliera?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

What should you always consider before introducing new animals into the herd if you are endemic or nonendemic for thelieria?

Answer 10

Endemic - animal brought in may get disease
Nonendemic - may be exposing the herd

Question 11

How can you prevent theileria?

Answer 11

March to November treat for ticks
-Permethrins, organophosphates, macrocyclic lactones

Question 12

Is theileria or anaplasma:
More effiecnt:
Young stock affected:
Aggression:
Generalized weakness:
Abortion, Still birth or weak calves

Answer 12

More effiecnt:Thelieria
Young stock affected: Theileria
Aggression: Anaplasma
Generalized weakness: Thelieria
Abortion, Still birth or weak calves: Theileria

Question 13

What are some common bloodwork findings for lymphoma?

Answer 13

Increased leukocytes
Increased globulin with decreased albumin, increased ca, lymphocytosis

Question 14

Where does lymphoma like to affect different aged cattle?

Answer 14

Juvenile - multicentric
3m -2y thyamic
1-3yr cutaneous
adult - multicentric due to BLV

Question 15

What virus can cause cattle to have lymphoma? What percent of cattle with the virus get lymphoma?

Answer 15

Bovine Leukosis Virus
5%

Question 16

How is BLV spread?

Answer 16

Horizonal - injections, insect, palpation, close contact, urine and uterine fluid
Vertical - less common

Question 17

What is a common indicator a BLV cow may get lymphoma?

Answer 17

Persistent lymphocytosis

Question 18

What are some signs of lymphoma?

Answer 18

Peripheral and internal lymphadenopahty, dyspnea, bloat, jug distension, tachycardia, brisket edema, weight loss, decrease milk produciton, fever, inappetance, infertility, rear limb paralysis, exopthalmia, GI obstruciton, melena

Question 19

Where does lymphoma like to targer?

Answer 19

H - Heat
A - Abomasum
U - Uterus
L - Lymph Nodes
L - Lungs
S - Spinal Cord
*Ocular
*Mammary
*Spleen

Question 20

Is it easy to prevent BLV/Lymphoma?

Answer 20

No
-Clean needles, sleeves, separate cows, pasteurize colostrum, clean everything

Question 21

Is small ruminant lymphoma related to a virus?

Answer 21

Goats: no
Sheep Yes and no
Multicentric common for both (t cell more than b cell)

Question 22

What is the causative agent of Johnese?

Answer 22

Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis

Question 23

What are signs of Johnes?

Answer 23

Weight loss, good appetite
Some diarrhea (less in SR)
many subclinical
Signs before 1yr in SR (not till over 2 cow), PCV will be normal

Question 24

1 yr old ewe, chronic weight loss, adequat nurtion but BCS 1/5, normal TPR and rument sounds, LN normal. Whats on the differntials?

Answer 24

Worms - fecal and FAMACHA
Coccidia
Johnes

Question 25

Is there a treatment and if not whats the approach?

Answer 25

Test (2x) and cull
-clean, dont pool colostrum, milk replacer, separate equipment, feed good hay

Question 26

What kind of bacteria is salmonella?

Answer 26

Gram -, rod, facultative anaerobe

Question 27

What are clinical signs of salmonella?

Answer 27

Fecver, diarrhea (bloody and casts), dehydrated, tachy cardia and tachypnea, no rumen contraction, toxic eye

Question 28

What’s the pathophysiology of salmonella?

Answer 28

Attach and destroy enterocyte in distal SI and colon
-Facultative IC organism
Salmonella typhimurium
Abotion