Rectal and Vaginal Prolapse Flashcards
What kind of prolapses are males prone to?
Rectal and preputial
What kind of prolapses are females prone to?
Rectal, vaginal and uterine
What are some important questions to ask a farmer is they think they have a prolapse?
Male or female?
Pregnant? (not uterine prolapse hopefully)
Top hole or bottom hole?
Lot or a little tissue coming out?
Is it smooth or bumpy?
What is a rectal prolapse?
Protrusion of rectal mucosa
Who gets it and what are risk factors?
Cattle, sheep and swine
Staining, tenesmus, dysuria, neuropathy, chronic coughing, genetics, neoplasia, diet, obesity, hormone treatment
What is one management factor common in sheep for rectal prolapse?
Tail docking and obesity
Is a rectal prolapse and emergency?
No but the sooner you see it the easier it is to go back in
-May change treatment (amputation versus stich)
What is the treatment for rectal prolapses?
Grade 1 and 2 - good prognosis with prompt treatment (suture in)
grade3-4 - vascular injury descending colon requires surgical resection and poor prognosis
What are the grades of rectal prolapse?
Grade 1: small rectum and intermittent
Grade 2: complete prolapse all layers can be intermittent
Grade 3: prolapse large colon into rectum, longer and painful
Grade 4: prolapse but anal sphincter intact and constricting the rectum and colon
How can you decrease straining?
Epidural with % lidocaine (60-120min) or lidocaine and xylazine (180-240min)
-Cattle caudal epidural (1st intercoccygeal space)
How do you manage a rectal prolapse?
Cull
Treat respiratory or diarrhea
Replace with purse string and umbilical tape
-Hypertonic saline, or dextrose to get back in , lubricate, remove suture in 5-10 days - injcet lidocaine to cause adhesion at 12, 3 and 9)
-Remove if cant replace, pig whistle and band or submucosal resection
-Should slough off 7-10 days
What are possible complications with cutting off circulation?
Strictures, peritonitis and abscesses
What is a vaginal prolapse and who gets it?
Protrusion of vaginia
Cattle, sheep, swine and goat (fall and late preg)
-late preg
-estrogenic agents 9forage, growth stimulus, mold, superovulation
-Genetics
Is vaginal prolapse and emergency?
No but evaluate asap
-Grade 1: intermittent out when lay down ok
-Grade 2: vaginal mucosa protrude continuously (retention suture ok)
-Grade 3: trapped urinary bladder, cervical mucus plug - replace or induce partuition
-Grade 4: necrotic and fibrosed - bad cull
What are risk factors that lead to vaginal prolapse?
Late gestation- increase concentrate and reduce hay (less fillling)
-Resp disease
-Poor tail dock
-Dont keep dam or offspring for breeding
-Epidural for rectal (causal)
