Neonate Care

Question 1

How do you know it is time to go to c-seciton in SR?

Answer 1

Fetal Viability:
-HR slows <150 (normal 153-248)
Serial ultrasounds

Question 2

What is the physiological process of a baby being ready to come out?

Answer 2

Rupture of membranes and umbilicus = hypoxia and stress
Increase co2 makes them gasp and begin to breath
reduced alveolar pressure allow air to remain in lung
Increaseoxygen, pulmonary blood flor decreased and peripheral vascular resistance increase and closeing of foramen ovale and DA

Question 3

What is key to resuscitation of a neonate?

Answer 3

Establish and airway - flow by oxygen
Sternal recumbency (no upside down)
Pat sides
Suction airway
Reverse any sedative

Question 4

What are some rescue drugs?

Answer 4

Dexamethasone, Doxapram, Epinephrine, Furosemide

Question 5

What other things can be used for recesitaiton?

Answer 5

Acupuncture point GV 26
Madigan squeeze
APGAR score to see how progressing

Question 6

What should be on your defect checklist for neonates?

Answer 6

Cleft palate, atresia ani, umbilical hernia, contracted tendons, heart defect, cyclops, parrot mouth, entropion

Question 7

What should you use for a navel dip?

Answer 7

Iodine or chlorohex

Question 8

What values should your colostrum reach on the brix and other to mean good qaulity?

Answer 8

> 50g/dL
22% Brix (<17% = trash)

Question 9

How much colostrum to SR neonates need?

Answer 9

50ml/kg first feeding (200ml-300ml)
200ml/kg in first 24 hours to get to 10-20% BW in first 3-12hrs

Question 10

What are some alternative sources of colostrum?

Answer 10

Frozen (good 1 yr - test CAE and Johnes)
Colostrum replacer (mix well)

Question 11

How do you feed colostrum?

Answer 11

Esophageal feeder or red rubber catheter (14-18 French)

Question 12

What kind of placenta do small ruminants have?

Answer 12

Epitheliochoiral cotyledonary

Question 13

When should you be concerned that baby is not getting his colostrum?

Answer 13

Dystocia, not nursing well, spesis, pneumonia or diarrhea, meconium stain

Question 14

How do you diagnose FPT in sheep?

Answer 14

24-72 hours measure TP
TP: >5.5g/Dl or Brix >8.4%

Question 15

How do you treat FPT?

Answer 15

Plasma transfusion
20-40ml/kg

Question 16

How much do orphans need to eat and how should you feed them?

Answer 16

15-20% BW
48oz
pritchard nipple
2-3x day

Question 17

What is important to look for when finding a milk replacer?

Answer 17

Species specific, whey ptorin, mix well, need fresh water

Question 18

When do you wean SR?

Answer 18

8-12 weeks - creep feed and coccidiostats

Question 19

What are the rules if kidding in jug or pasture?

Answer 19

Jug - cleanout 3 monhts prior to lambing and need sand

Pasture needs to be ungrazed for 60 days

Question 20

What should the jug look like?

Answer 20

4x4 or 5x5
3ft high
Need heat lamp 30 inch above bedding, panel 20inch off ground so baby can get close and mom wont catch on fire

Question 21

How do lambs maintain body temp?

Answer 21

Brown Adipose Tissue
Shivering Thermogenesis

Question 22

Why is brown fat brown?

Answer 22

Mitochondria
Protein thermogenenin-ATp heat from burring fat

Question 23

When can hypothermia occur?

Answer 23

<98F
Weakness, shock, stress, tube feed cold milk, dam not cleaning baby

Question 24

How do babies get hypoglycemia?

Answer 24

No mlik 48 hours (septicemia)
karosyrup
dextrose

Question 25

What is floppy kid?

Answer 25

Not real
Acidosis without dehydration (usually from diarrhe and sever dehydration)
Electrolytes

Question 26

What is the formula for bicarb deficit to fix acidosis?

Answer 26

Mmol bicarb = base deficit x BW (kg) x 0.6

Question 27

What is the normal progression of baby progress once born?

Answer 27

Stand 15 min
Nurse 2 hours
Loss 15%