Lameness Flashcards
What are some infectious lesions of the foot?
Digital Dermatitis, Foot Rot and Heel Erosion
What are some non-infectious causes of foot lesions?
Interdigital Hyperplasia, Sole/Toe Ulcer, White line disease, thin soles, cork screw claw, wall cracks and fissures
When observing a lame limb and unilateral swelling is observed above the coronary band, what is suspected?
Deep infection (footrot bilateral)
What are some signs of an upper leg problem?
Swelling, clicking, crepitus and reluctant to kick
What is the softest part of the claw?
White line
Which limb does Dr. Umana like to start with first when examining?
Lame limb
How should one examine and trim the foot?
- Examine soft tissue
- Remove excess toe length
- Trim the medial claw (hind) ror lateral (front) - toe and sole
- Use medial (hind) and lateral (front) as a guide for the others
- Balance them
Where is foot rot located? Is it painful?
Between the toes, yes
What bacteria are commonly involved with footrot?
F. necrophorum, Dichelobacter nodus, preyotella intermedia
What part of the skin is affected by foot rot?
Dermis (needs previous damage) (cen develop into digital sepsis)
What predisposes animals to foot rot?
Previous lesion
What can you use to treat foot rot? How long will it take to heal?
Excede, Oxytete, Draxin, ceftiofur
Week to a month to heal
What are the top 3 major factors for controlling foot rot?
Managment (trimming), Hygiene (poop) and Nutrition (Zinc)
What causes digital dermatitis and where is it located?
Treponema, F. Necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodous - between toe and heel hind legs dairy, front beef (can be very proliferative)
What group has the highest count of lameness from Digital Dermatitis?
Bred heifers 62%, 49% in cows
What are the stages of DD?
M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, M4.1
What is the treatment for DD?
Oxytetracycline and copper sulfate
What are the top 3 areas for controlling DD?
Management, Hygiene, Nutrition
What is in a dairy cow foot bath? How big should it be?
5-10% Copper Sulfate, or Zinc - 2 stides (need to be up to coronary band (3x week)
What is are the most common upper leg lamenesses?
Stifle injury, ACL tear, meniscal damage, MCL or LCL
(wont bear weight on that leg)
What is a common upper leg lameness in dairy cattle?
Luxation or subluxations (coxofemoral) - hard to diagnose when down
What are some traumatic lameness’s and what’s the prognosis?
Fractures: Long bones, spine, hip
Calves - heal well (distal cast, upper splint)
Larger calves prior to weaning can heal a femur or humerus well
What can cause neuropathies in a cow?
Calving, trauma, injecitonsite, developmental - sciatic, obturatur, tibila, femoral, radial
What are some arthritis type diseases that cause lameness?
Trauma, OCD (young), subchondral cyst, septic arthritis (hematogenous or traumatic), DJD or OA