The Tongue Flashcards
what are the 3 parts of the tongue?
apex
body
root
what are the lateral glossoepiglottic folds?
2 x mucosal folds that connect ognue to epiglottis
what is the epiglottic vallecula?
depressions between the median and lateral folds of the tongue
what is the lingual tonsil?
makes up the root of the tongue
what is the terminal sulcus of the tongue?
separates the body of the tongue from the roof of the tongue
what is the foramen cecum of the tongue?
remenant of the thyroglossal duct - formed from the descention of the thyroid during development
what does the frenulum of the tongue connect?
tongue to the floor of the oral cavity
the sublingual folds have many openings for what?
sublingual ducts coming from sublingual glands
what are the sublingual caruncles?
2 tubercles on eitherside of the frenulum where the submandibular and major sublingual glands open into
where doe the submandibular glands open into the oral cavity?
sublingual caruncles
what are the origins and insertions of the genioglossus?
origin - mandibular symphysis
insertion - body of hyoid and entire length of the tongue
what is the action of the genioglossus?
protrusion and depression of the tongue
what is the innervation of the genioglossus?
hypoglossal nerve
what are the origins and insertions of the hyoglossus?
origin - hyoid bone
insertion - lateral aspect of tongue
what is the action of the hyoglossus?
depression and retraction of the tongue
what is the innervation of the hyoglossus?
hypoglossal nerve
what are the origins and insertions of the styloglossus?
origins - styloid process of temporal bone
insertions - lateral aspect of the tone
what is the action of the styloglossus?
retraction and elevation of the tongue
what is the innervation of the styloglossus?
hypoglossal nerve
what is the origin and insertion of the palatoglossus?
origin - palatine aponeurosis
insertion - broadly along the tongue
what is the function of the palatoglossus?
elevation of the tongue
what is the innervation of the palatoglossus?
vagus nerve
what are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
- palatoglossus
- styloglossus
- hyoglossus
- genioglossus
what are the 3 intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
- superior and inferior longitudinal
- vertical
- transverse
what is the innervation of the transverse tongue muscles?
hypoglossal (CN XII)
what is the innervation of the vertical tongue muscles?
hypoglossal (CN XII)
what is the innervation of the superior and inferior longitudinal?
hypoglossal (CN XII)
what is the origin and insertion of the superior longitudinal?
apex to radix of tongue
what is the action of the superior longitudinal?
shortens the tongue
what is the origin and insertion of the vertical tongue muscles?
connects upper and lower surfaces of tongue
what is the action of the vertical tongue muscles?
flattens the tongue
what is the origins and insertions of the transverse tongue muscles?
origin - median fibrous septum
insertion - run laterally to sides of the tongue
what is the action of the transverse tongue muscles?
narrows the tongue
where are the foliate papillae found? what is their role?
- lateral regions of tongue
- contain taste buds
where are the vallate papilla found? what is their role?
- near terminal sulcus
- contains taste buds
what is the role of the fungiform papilla found?
small elevation that carries taste buds
what is the role of the filiform papilla?
give roughness to the tongue
which tongue papilla do not contain taste buds?
filiform papilla
label these muscles
label these muscles of the tongue
label the tongue
label these muscles of the tongue
label the tongue papilla
label this diagram of the tongue
