Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med School Yr 2 > 3 - sensation and perception > Flashcards

3 - sensation and perception Flashcards

1
Q

where on the pyramid of learning is sensation?

A

bottom layers - low level concept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sensation

A

the detection of simple properties of stimuli that occurs via sensory organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how many sensory modalities are there?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 5 different sensory modalities?

A
  • gustation/taste
  • oflaction/smell
  • vision
  • audition
  • somatosensation - mixed sensory categoru
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what 5 body senses are categorised as somatosensation?

A
  • detection of touch
  • thermoception
  • vestibular sense (balance)
  • proprioception
  • nociception
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 2 chemo senses?

A

gustation and olfaction - both detect chemical systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sensory transduction

A

energy from the environment is converted into neural activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the two types of sensory coding?

A

anatomical
temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is anatomical sensory coding?

A

when different nerves represent different modalities and stimuli from the same modalities are distinguished depending on location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

anatomical coding is when different nerves from different parts of the body travel to different parts of the primary somatosensory cortex. what determines how much of the cortex is devoted to different body parts?

A

how richly innervated the region is with nerve fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is temporal sensory coding?

A

when the rate of firing of axons represents/encodes the stimulus intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

absolute threshold

A

the minimum level of a stimulus that can be detected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

absolute threshold (signal detection theory)

A

the level at which a stimulus will be detected a specific percentage of the time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

difference threshold

A

the minimum detectable difference between two stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

perception

A

our interpretation of what is represented by sensory input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is form perception?

A

how we differentiate between figures and grounds

17
Q

boundaries

A

sharp distinct changes in brightness, colour and patterns

18
Q

what is gestalt psychology?

A
  • a set of laws to outline the natural compulsion to find order in disorder
  • foundation for modern study of perception
19
Q

what are the 6 gestalt principles?

A
  1. figure-ground principle
  2. similarity principle
  3. adjacency-proximity principle
  4. good continuation principle
  5. the law of closure
  6. the principle of common fate
20
Q

figure ground principle

A

people instinctively perceive objects as either being in the foregorund or the background

21
Q

similarity principle

A

similar elements are perceived as belonging together

22
Q

adjacency-proximity principle

A

elements of a visual scene that are close to each other appear to form groups

23
Q

good continuation principles

A

elements that smoothly follow a line are perceived to belong together

24
Q

the law of closure

A

missing information is supplied to close or complete a figrue

25
Q

principle of common fate

A

elements on the same movement trajectory belong together

26
Q

list 3 ideas about how the brain recognises objects so quickly?``

A
  • templates - brain uses templates of objects to find an exact match
  • prototypes - patterns of visual input are compared with prototypes to find similar object
  • feature distinct models - visual system encodes images of familiar patterns in terms of distinct features
27
Q

geons

A

the simple 2D or 3D forms such as cylinders, bricks, wedges, cones, circles and rectangles corresponding to the simple parts of an object in Biederman’s recognition-by-components theory

28
Q

what ‘top-down’ influences can affect perception?

A

knowledge, motivations, experiences, context

29
Q

perceptual set

A

selectivity bias with respect to what we perceive

30
Q

attention

A

the allocation of awareness to a stimulus

31
Q

how does attention affect our perception?

A
  • enhances signals and perception of relevant stimuli
  • inihibits signals and perception of irrelevant stimuli
32
Q

our capacity for conscious processing is limited - how does the brain combat this?

A

we use selective attention - responsible for allocating the limited resource of awareness

33
Q

inattentional blindness

A

the observation that when we fixate of something, we can fail to notice otherwise obvious events

34
Q

change blindness

A

a person can be oblivious to changes in the visual scene, if our attention is directed somewhere else

35
Q

how can unattended stimuli affect us?

A

we can still produce memories of these stimuli, even though we were not consciously aware of them

Med School Yr 2 (96 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions