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Med School Yr 2 > Inner Ear > Flashcards

Inner Ear Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two main functions of the inner ear?

A
  • convert mechanical signals from the middle ear into electrical signals
  • maintain balance by detecting position and motion
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2
Q

where is the middle ear located?

A

petrous part of the temporal bone

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3
Q

what are the two main components of the middle ear?

A
  • bony labryinth
  • membranous labyrinth
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4
Q

where do the bony labyrinth and the membranous layrinth of the inner ear lie?

A

bony - petrous part of temporal bone
membranous - within bony

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5
Q

the structures of the bony labyrinth of the inner ear are lined internally with what? what fluid do they contain?

A

lined with periosteum
contain a fluid called perilymph

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6
Q

what fluid is the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear lined with?

A

endolymph

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7
Q

the inner ear has two openings into the middle ear - what are these?

A

oval window - between middle ear and vestibule
round window - between middle ear and scala tympani

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8
Q
A
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8
Q

the bony labyrinth consists of what three parts?

A

cochlea
vestibule
semi-circular canasl

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9
Q

the cochlea, vestibule and semi-circular canals are all part of what ear structure?

A

the bony labyrinth of the inner ear

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10
Q

the vestibule is separated from the middle ear by what?

A

oval window

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10
Q

what parts of the membranous labyrinth are located within the vestibule?

A

saccule and utricle

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11
Q

what part of the membranous labyrinth is located within the cochlea?

A

cochlea duct - auditory part of inner ear

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12
Q

the cochlea twists around a central portion of bone, forming a seashell shape - what is this bone called?

A

modiolus

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13
Q

what bone extends out from the modiolus and ataches to the cochlear duct?

A

spiral lamina

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14
Q

what chamber lies superiorly to the cochlear duct?

A

scala vestibuli

15
Q

what chamber lies inferiorly to the cochlear duct?

A

scala tympani

16
Q

the scala vestibuli and scala tympani are two chambers above and below the cochlear duct - what are they each filled with?

A

perilymph

17
Q

how many semi-circular canals are there in the bony labyrinth?

A

3 - anterior, lateral, posterior

18
Q

the semi-circular canals contain what? what are these important for?

A

contain semi-circular ducts, which are responsible for balance (alongside the utricle and saccule)

19
Q

the membranous labyrinth is a continuous system filled with what?

A

endolymph

20
Q

what 4 things is the membranous labyrinth composed of?

A

cochlear duct, 3 semi-circular ducts, saccule, utricle

21
Q

which of the following are organs of hearing, and which are organs of balance?
* semi-circular ducts
* cochlear duct
* saccule
* utricle

A
  • semi-circular ducts - balance
  • cochlear duct - hearing
  • saccule - balance
  • utricle - balance
22
Q

what are the following walls of the cochlear duct called?
* lateral wall?
* roof?
* floor?

A
  • lateral wall - spiral ligament
  • roof - Reissner’s membrane
  • floor - basilar membrane
23
Q

what does the basilar membrane of the cochlear duct hold?

A

the Organ of Corti - epithelial cells of hearing

24
Q

which is larger - saccule or utricle?

A

utricle

25
Q

how does endolymph drain in the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear?

A
  • drains from saccule and utricle into endolymphatic duct
  • duct travels through vestibular aqueduce to posterior aspect of petrous part of temporal bone
  • duct expands to a sac - endolymph is secreted and absorbed
26
Q

how do the semi-circular ducts help balance?

A
  • head moves
  • endolymph within ducts changes speed and/or direction
  • sensory receptors in ampullae of canals detect this change
  • sends signals to brain about processing balance
27
Q

the bony labyrinth receives blood supply from what arteries?

A
  • anterior tympanic branch
  • petrosal branch
  • stylomastoid branch
28
Q

the membranous labyrinth is supplied by what artery?

A

labyrinthine artery

29
Q

the labyrinthine artery divides into what 3 branches?

A

cochlear branch
vestibular branches x2

30
Q
A
31
Q

how does venous drainage of the inner ear occur?

A

labyrinthine vein

32
Q

what innervates the inner ear?

A

vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

33
Q

CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve) divides into what?

A

vestibular nerve - balance
cochlear nerve - hearing

34
Q

Label the parts of the ear

A
35
Q

Label the membranous labyrinth

A
36
Q

Label the cochlear

A
37
Q

label the bony labyrinth

A

Med School Yr 2 (96 decks)

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