Progress test slay

Question 1

what is the firstline drug for strokes and AF?

Answer 1

wafarin or factor Xa inhibitor

Question 2

what firstline drug used for psychosis is contraindicated in pts with PD?

Answer 2

antipsychotics - lorazepam instead

Question 3

what CK levels indicate rhambdomyolysis?

Answer 3

above 10000

Question 4

what bacterium is responsible for 20-25% of prosthetic joint infections?

Answer 4

staphlococcus

Question 5

what is the initial management plan for a pt with endocarditis?

Answer 5

TOE and blood culture to confirm

Question 6

what is an adenoma?

Answer 6

benign tumour of epithelial tissue (tissues or glands)

Question 7

what is a carcinoma

Answer 7

most common type of cancer that forms in epithelial tissue

Question 8

what is a harmatoma

Answer 8

local malformation of abnormal tissues and cells - benign

Question 9

what is sarcoidosis

Answer 9

a chronic disease of unknown cause characterized by the enlargement of lymph nodes in many parts of the body and the widespread appearance of granulomas derived from the reticuloendothelial system.

Question 10

what is the firstline drug treatment for females with overactive bladders and urge incontinence?

Answer 10

anticholinergics - oxybutiynin

Question 11

what are the 3 signs of primary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 11

• hypercalcaemia, elevated PTH, hypercalciuria
• more common in older female pts

Question 12

what test is used to test for coeliac disease?

Answer 12

anti-tissue transglutiminase

Question 13

what is the difference between duodenal and gastric ulcers?

Answer 13

duodenal - worse at night, relieved by eating, pts gain weight, radiates to back

gastric - worse with eating, pts lose weight

Question 14

what is the difference between inflammatory and mechanical back pain?

Answer 14

inflammatory - improved with activity
mechanical - worsened with activity

Question 15

what is the firstline treatment for gout?

Answer 15

oral steroids or NSAIDS (contracindicated in stage 4 kidney failure)

Question 16

what medication can be prescribed for terminal restlessness?

Answer 16

midalozam

Question 17

early alzheimers results in changes in which lobe?

Answer 17

temporal

Question 18

what should be prescribed for a tricyclic antidepressant overdose in pts with a prolonged QRS interval?

Answer 18

IV sodium bicarbonate

Question 19

what are the 4 main signs of delirium tremens?

Answer 19

• confusion
• visual hallucinations
• tachycardia
• pyrexia

common in alcohol withdrawal pts

Question 20

what are the 3 main symptoms of wernicke’s encephaly

Answer 20

• nystagmus, ataxia, confusion
• can result in korsakoff’s psychosis if untreated

Question 21

autosomal dominent poly kidney disease in associated with an increased risk of what?

Answer 21

subarachnoid haemorrhage - lumbar puncture is next step.

Question 22

what is the only recommended treatment for asystole?

Answer 22

epinephrine

Question 23

what is the management of an unprovoked DVT?

Answer 23

offer CT of abdomen and pelvis to help identify possible malignancies

Question 24

all pts with mechanical valve replacements require what?

Answer 24

treatment with warfarin and aspirin

Question 25

what is the firstline treatment for micro and macroprolactinomas?

Answer 25

cabergoline - dopamine antagonist

Question 26

in what situations are i-Gel airway devices preferred over tracheal tubes?

Answer 26

cardiac arrests - easier to place

Question 27

what airway device is the only one to seal off the trachea and protect against aspiration?

Answer 27

tracheal tube

Question 28

what are the standard national guidelines for elective pts with no issues of gastric emptying?

Answer 28

2hrs no clear liquids 6hrs for solids

Question 29

what is the test that has the highest specificity for RA?

Answer 29

anti cyclic citrillinated peptide antibody test

Question 30

what is Rinne's positive?

Answer 30

air>bone

Question 30

what is Rinne's negative?

Answer 30

air

Question 31

the weber's test shows conductive hearing lost - what does this mean?

Answer 31

sound is heard best in bad ear

Question 32

the webers test shows sensorineural hearing loss - what does this mean?

Answer 32

sound is heard best in good ear

Question 33

what is the recommended maintenance fluid for someone with an underlying cardiac disease?

Answer 33

20-25mL/kg

Question 34

what is the first line initial treatment for sinus tachycardia?

Answer 34

atropine

Question 35

what is naproxen?

Answer 35

an NSAIDs

Question 36

what are used for the immediate management of gout?

Answer 36

NSAIDs

Question 37

what is the most common pathogen in leg cellulitis including in pts with diabetes?

Answer 37

streptococcus

Question 38

what are the 1st line treatments for superficial thrombophlebitis?

Answer 38

NSAIDs

Question 39

what nerve is responsible for dorsiflexion?

Answer 39

common peroneal

Question 40

what are the symptoms of acute glaucoma?

Answer 40

sudden pain redness in eye headache and nausea

Question 41

recurrent episodes of candidiasis indicates the need to test for what?

Answer 41

diabetes mellitus

Question 42

what is used to reverse warfarin in emergencies?

Answer 42

prothrombin complex concentrate - quicker to administer than FFP