Progress test slay Flashcards
what is the firstline drug for strokes and AF?
wafarin or factor Xa inhibitor
what firstline drug used for psychosis is contraindicated in pts with PD?
antipsychotics - lorazepam instead
what CK levels indicate rhambdomyolysis?
above 10000
what bacterium is responsible for 20-25% of prosthetic joint infections?
staphlococcus
what is the initial management plan for a pt with endocarditis?
TOE and blood culture to confirm
what is an adenoma?
benign tumour of epithelial tissue (tissues or glands)
what is a carcinoma
most common type of cancer that forms in epithelial tissue
what is a harmatoma
local malformation of abnormal tissues and cells - benign
what is sarcoidosis
a chronic disease of unknown cause characterized by the enlargement of lymph nodes in many parts of the body and the widespread appearance of granulomas derived from the reticuloendothelial system.
what is the firstline drug treatment for females with overactive bladders and urge incontinence?
anticholinergics - oxybutiynin
what are the 3 signs of primary hyperparathyroidism?
- hypercalcaemia, elevated PTH, hypercalciuria
- more common in older female pts
what test is used to test for coeliac disease?
anti-tissue transglutiminase
what is the difference between duodenal and gastric ulcers?
duodenal - worse at night, relieved by eating, pts gain weight, radiates to back
gastric - worse with eating, pts lose weight
what is the difference between inflammatory and mechanical back pain?
inflammatory - improved with activity
mechanical - worsened with activity
what is the firstline treatment for gout?
oral steroids or NSAIDS (contracindicated in stage 4 kidney failure)
what medication can be prescribed for terminal restlessness?
midalozam
early alzheimers results in changes in which lobe?
temporal
what should be prescribed for a tricyclic antidepressant overdose in pts with a prolonged QRS interval?
IV sodium bicarbonate
what are the 4 main signs of delirium tremens?
- confusion
- visual hallucinations
- tachycardia
- pyrexia
common in alcohol withdrawal pts
what are the 3 main symptoms of wernicke’s encephaly
- nystagmus, ataxia, confusion
- can result in korsakoff’s psychosis if untreated
autosomal dominent poly kidney disease in associated with an increased risk of what?
subarachnoid haemorrhage - lumbar puncture is next step.
what is the only recommended treatment for asystole?
epinephrine
what is the management of an unprovoked DVT?
offer CT of abdomen and pelvis to help identify possible malignancies
all pts with mechanical valve replacements require what?
treatment with warfarin and aspirin
what is the firstline treatment for micro and macroprolactinomas?
cabergoline - dopamine antagonist
in what situations are i-Gel airway devices preferred over tracheal tubes?
cardiac arrests - easier to place
what airway device is the only one to seal off the trachea and protect against aspiration?
tracheal tube
what are the standard national guidelines for elective pts with no issues of gastric emptying?
2hrs no clear liquids
6hrs for solids
what is the test that has the highest specificity for RA?
anti cyclic citrillinated peptide antibody test
what is Rinne’s positive?
air>bone
what is Rinne’s negative?
air<bone
the weber’s test shows conductive hearing lost - what does this mean?
sound is heard best in bad ear
the webers test shows sensorineural hearing loss - what does this mean?
sound is heard best in good ear
what is the recommended maintenance fluid for someone with an underlying cardiac disease?
20-25mL/kg
what is the first line initial treatment for sinus tachycardia?
atropine
what is naproxen?
an NSAIDs
what are used for the immediate management of gout?
NSAIDs
what is the most common pathogen in leg cellulitis including in pts with diabetes?
streptococcus
what are the 1st line treatments for superficial thrombophlebitis?
NSAIDs
what nerve is responsible for dorsiflexion?
common peroneal
what are the symptoms of acute glaucoma?
sudden pain
redness in eye
headache and nausea
recurrent episodes of candidiasis indicates the need to test for what?
diabetes mellitus
what is used to reverse warfarin in emergencies?
prothrombin complex concentrate - quicker to administer than FFP
